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2009-073 By-law to Adopt Amendment No. 27 to the Official PlanTHE CORPORATION OF THE TOWNSHIP OF ORO-MEDONTE BY-LAW NO. 2009-073 Being a By-law to Adopt Amendment No. 27 to the Official Plan WHEREAS The Corporation of the Township of Oro-Medonte is empowered to Amend its Official Plan as required; AND WHEREAS the process for considering such an Amendment was in accordance with Section 17 and 21 of the Planning Act, R.S.O. 1990 c.P 13. AND WHEREAS the amendments to the Official Plan are deemed to be appropriate and in the public interest: NOW THEREFORE it is resolved that: 1. Amendment Number 27 to the Official Plan, attached hereto as Schedule 'A-1 "and forming part of this By-Law, is hereby adopted and; 2. This By-law shall come into force and take effect as specified in the Planning Act R.S.O. 1990, c.P. 13. BY-LAW READ A FIRST AND SECOND TIME THIS 27th DAY OF MAY, 2009. BY-LAW READ A THIRD TIME AND FINALLY PASSED THIS 27th DAY OF MAY, 2009. THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWNSHIP OF ORO-MEDONTE 4or, 14. S.fiughes Twin Schedule 'A-1' Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Township of Oro-Medonte This is Schedule 'A-1' to By-Law No. 2009-073 passed the 27th day of May, 2009. erk, . Doudlas Irwin ` Mayor, H. S. Hughes OFFICIAL PLAN of the TOWNSHIP OF ORO-MEDONTE AMENDMENT NO. 27 To amend the Official Plan and to adopt and incorporate into the Official Plan a Secondary Plan for the Craighurst Community May 27, 2009 OFFICIAL PLAN of the TOWNSHIP OF ORO-MEDONTE AMENDMENT NO. 27 This Amendment was adopted by the Corporation of the Township of Oro- Medonte by By-law Number 2009-073 in accordance with Sections 17 and 21 of the Planning Act R.S.O. 1990 C.P. 13 on the 27th day of May 2009. Mayor H.S. Hughes Clerk, J. Douglas Irwin TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PART I INTRODUCTION 1 1.0 GENERAL .1 2.0 PURPOSE .1 3.0 LOCATION . 1 4.0 BASIS PART II - THE OFFICIAL PLAN AMENDMENT . 1 1. THE OFFICIAL PLAN AMENDMENT . 1 2. IMPLEMENTATION AND INTERPRETATION . 2 PART III - THE SECONDARY PLAN . 1 C18. CRAIGHURST SECONDARY PLAN . 1 C18.1 INTRODUCTION . 1 C18.2 COMMUNITY DIRECTIONS AND STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES . 1 C18.3 LAND USE CONCEPT . 5 C18.4 LAND USE PLAN . 5 C18.5 URBAN DESIGN 14 C18.6 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES 18 C18.7 TRANSPORTATION 20 C18.8 SERVICING 22 C18.9 DEVELOPMENT PHASING 23 C18.10 DEVELOPER COST SHARE AGREEMENTS - FINANCIAL AGREEMENTS 25 C18.11 TIMING OF DEVELOPMENT 26 C18.12 RELATIONSHIP WITH OFFICIAL PLAN 27 C18.13 MINIMUM DISTANCE SEPARATION 27 C18.14 IMPLEMENTING ZONING BY-LAW 27 PART I - INTRODUCTION Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants (This is not an operative part of Official Plan Amendment No. 27) May 27, 2009 PART I INTRODUCTION (This is not an operative part of Official Plan Amendment No.27) 1.0 GENERAL PART 1 - INTRODUCTION, is included for information purposes and is intended to clearly articulate the goals and objectives of the Township. The Introduction is not an operative part of this Official Plan Amendment. PART 11 - THE AMENDMENT, including Schedules 'Al and AT attached thereto, indicates specific amendments to the Official Plan being effected by Official Plan Amendment No. 27 and is an operative part of this Official Plan Amendment. PART III - THE SECONDARY PLAN, including Schedule `A3' attached thereto constitutes the Secondary Plan for the Craighurst Community. Part III is also an operative part of this Official Plan Amendment. THE APPENDICES contain information, which assists in providing the basis for this Amendment. 2.0 PURPOSE The purpose of this Amendment is to provide the basis for the development of the Craighurst Settlement Area. 3.0 LOCATION The lands subject to this Amendment have an area of approximately 113 hectares. Of this land area, about 77 hectares is located within the settlement area boundary established by the Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan. The remaining 36 hectares is located outside of the settlement area and is being added to the settlement area by this Amendment. Of this amount, 30 hectares is proposed to be the site of new development and 6 hectares applies to a number of single-detached dwellings located on both sides of County Road 93 and north of the existing settlement area boundary. The settlement area is centred on the intersection of two County Roads - County Road 22 and County Road 93. The settlement area is bounded on the west by Highway 400 and a main north-south Canadian Pacific Rail line. Lands to the south of the settlement area are used for agricultural purposes. Lands to the north of the lands subject to this Amendment are also used for agricultural purposes, while lands to the east are wooded and subject to the Oro Moraine Planning Area policies of the Official Plan. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 4.0 BASIS 4.1 Basis for Craighurst as a Growth Area The first Official Plan for the Township of Oro-Medonte was approved in 1997. This Official Plan replaced five previous Official Plans as they applied to all or portions of the five municipalities that were amalgamated into the Township of Oro-Medonte on January 1, 1994. The Official Plan process at that time provided the Municipality with the opportunity to review growth and settlement issues on a larger scale. Prior to the creation of the Township of Oro-Medonte, virtually all development occurred historically in rural areas either through the process of consent, in the shoreline areas or on estate and country residential plans of subdivision. To a very large extent, the rolling topography and natural beauty of the Township were reasons for this development pattern. However, Council recognized in the 1990's that this pattern of development was not sustainable and as a result, the new Official Plan at that time prohibited the creation of additional lots in estate residential areas, limited the number of lots that could be created by consent and curtailed the further expansion of the un-serviced shoreline development area. While prohibiting these forms of development, the Official Plan encouraged development in the future to take place in settlement areas. In this regard, both Craighurst and Hawkestone were identified as the two areas in which long-term planning to accommodate growth should be carried out. The 1997 Official Plan also indicated that the permanent population of the Township would increase by between 8,000 and 10,000 people by 2016. Based on an analysis of the supply of land available for development and the number of vacant lots and registered plans of subdivision at the time, it was determined that there was a need to plan for additional development in settlement areas in order to implement that population projection since Provincial policy required that each Municipality plan for up to 20 years growth. It is for this reason that Secondary Plans for both Craighurst and Hawkestone were initiated in 1999. Prior to the creation of the Township of Oro-Medonte in 1994, each quadrant of Craighurst was located in a different municipality and it was not possible to carry-out any comprehensive planning for the community. The Secondary Plan process initiated in 1999 provided that opportunity. Craighurst was selected as one of two areas in the Township which were considered to be ideally suited for growth because: • It is centred on the intersection of two major County Roads; • It is located adjacent to a full interchange with Highway 400; It is located at the gateway to a large recreational and residential area centred on Horseshoe Resort and Sugarbush; Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 • It had a strong history as a cross-roads community on the historic Penetanguishene Road; It is located on the flanks of the Oro Moraine and soil conditions are such that a range of options with respect to sewage disposal were thought to be feasible; and, The potential was high that there would be no issues with respect to securing an adequate supply of potable water. The Craighurst Secondary Plan process was delayed to allow for the completion of the Intergovernmental Action Plan (IGAP), the Oro Moraine Land Use planning exercise and the Official Plan Review in the 2001 to 2006 period. The product of the Oro Moraine planning exercise was Official Plan Amendment No. 16 which identified a number of areas on the Oro Moraine that should be protected from incompatible development. OPA 16 also confirmed the existing Official Plan direction that the preferred means of servicing in Craighurst be full municipal services. A number of significant environmental areas were also identified and included within land use designations that prevented development. One such designation was the Oro Moraine Core/Corridor Area designation and certain lands located directly to the east of the then existing Craighurst settlement area boundary were placed in that designation. In addition, a new Oro Moraine Enhancement Area designation was established and it was applied to the watercourse corridors that were located on the south- western and north-eastern borders of the Craighurst Settlement Area and to a corridor located between an existing watercourse in the north-east section of the settlement area and a large wooded area that was identified as a Core area located to the east. The results of the Oro Moraine planning exercise are factored into this Amendment. The Official Plan review also initiated in 2001 at the same time as a review of the Oro Moraine resulted in the preparation of Official Plan Amendment No. 17. OPA 17 also reaffirmed the Township's growth and settlement policy framework and reaffirmed that Craighurst was to be planned for additional development, preferably on full municipal services. During the time OPA 16 and 17 was being prepared, applications to develop a 42 lot estate residential subdivision were submitted for lands located on the Oro Moraine and south of Craighurst. These applications were refused by Council and appealed by the applicant to the Ontario Municipal Board. In a decision of the OMB dated April 18, 2006, the Board refused the applications since they were not consistent with the Township's growth and settlement area strategy. Specifically, evidence was provided to the Board, which indicated that there was no need to designate additional lands for development since commitments had already been made through policy and the initiation of a Secondary Plan for Craighurst to develop up to 700 new units in the community. Following the decision of the OMB, the applicant sought leave to appeal that decision to Divisional Court. That request was also refused. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 The following was also noted in the OMB decision: "The Board, while it has wide powers to amend or modify municipal Official Plans should use this authority with circumspection and should not interfere in this fundamental municipal planning and decision making process unless it is clear: a) That the municipality has made fundamental errors in its assessment of its need for development lands and its ability through its land use designations and growth management strategies to achieve its projected growth; or b) That the decisions with respect to its growth and settlement strategies are at odds with the directions of the Provincial Policy Statement; or c) That there has been a breach of the prescribed planning process afforded individuals as a matter of right." In making a decision on the application, it is further indicated in the OMB Decision that: "The Board is satisfied that the Growth and Settlement Strategy as set out in the 1997 Official Plan is sound, represents in good planning, and clearly articulates the direction that the Municipality wishes to take with respect to residential development. It is a Growth Strategy endorsed by the Province. This strategy is in conformity with the County of Simcoe Official Plan and has had proper regard for and is consistent with the 1997 PPS. " 4.2 THE SETTLEMENT AREA AND THE STUDY AREA In 1999, the original Terms of Reference and work program for the Craighurst Secondary Plan identified a study area that extended beyond the boundaries of the settlement area itself. At that time, as is the case now, the settlement area had an area of 77 hectares, of which about 38 hectares were developed and 39 hectares were undeveloped. The study area identified in 1999 included the whole of the settlement area and added lands to each quadrant. In 2001, the size of the study area was significantly reduced in both the northeast and southeast quadrants as a result of the completion of environmental studies and a review of the study area by the Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority. It was never anticipated that the entire study area would be required for development. Instead, the study area was sized so that as many options as possible were available for consideration as part of the planning process. Township of Oro-Medonte 4 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 Following the establishment of a reduced study area in 2001, a considerable amount of work on the servicing, stormwater and transportation components of the Secondary Plan was initiated and then completed, with reports being prepared in 2004 and 2007/2008. In response to suggestions made by the Ministry of Environment at the time, it was decided that it would be appropriate to integrate the Environmental Assessment process with the planning process under the Planning Act. As a result, work completed in the last few years by the Township on the servicing aspects related to the Secondary Plan was prepared in accordance with the Environmental Assessment process. The product of this work is this Amendment, which establishes that full services are required within the settlement area. This Amendment therefore establishes the principle of developing full services in the settlement area. In a report dated April 2008, TSH (now AECOM) identifies a number of alternatives with respect to the provision of sewer, water and stormwater management facilities and services. The TSH report concludes that there are a number of viable options with respect to servicing in the Craighurst Settlement Area. On the basis of a review of these options, TSH has concluded that: 1. There is an adequate supply of potable water available to service new development in the Settlement Area; 2. There are a number of viable sewage collection and treatment options that can be implemented in accordance with current Ministry of Environment regulations and guidelines; 3. A number of viable stormwater management options exist, with each of these options being developed in accordance with Ministry of Environment Best Management Practices; and, 4. A number of operational improvements to the road network will be required to support development. 4.3 The Community Design Process In 2001/2002 it was determined that if single detached lots that had a frontage of between 12 and 18 metres were developed in the community that up to 700 dwelling units, plus an elementary school and community park, could be developed in the full extent of the study area identified at that time. However, the 2005 Provincial Policy Statement and then the 2006 Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe combined now require that densities be higher in settlement areas where full municipal services exist or will be provided. As a result, the pattern of development suggested in 2001/2002 is no longer considered to be neither appropriate nor sustainable. The Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe requires that the minimum density for new development in Greenfield areas be 50 persons and jobs per hectare. However, an alternative minimum density can be established in the "outer ring" of the Greater Golden Horseshoe, which includes the County of Simcoe. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 On this basis, as part of the 2008 County of Simcoe Official Plan review process, a minimum density of 32 persons and jobs per hectare has been established for the majority of the settlement areas (with the exception of the larger settlements in the County such as Alliston which have a higher minimum density) in the County of Simcoe. This Amendment implements the County Official Plan's requirement for a minimum density of 32. A number of options that review which lands are the most appropriate for settlement area expansion were prepared and considered prior to the preparation of this Amendment. These options are included within Appendix A to this Amendment. Given the location of Highway 400, the CP rail line and significant environmental areas, additional Greenfield land outside of the settlement area can only be sited in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the community. On this basis, options, which show development occurring in either or both, were prepared for discussion purposes. Given that approximately 700 units are required to provide for the population growth anticipated by the Official Plan, the 700-unit amount was used as the starting point in the determination of how much land was required for new development. In this regard each single-detached dwelling is anticipated to have a household size of 2.7 people. Each multiple dwelling, such as a townhouse, is expected to have a household size of 2.2 people. If the residential unit count were divided into a 75/25 split, that would mean that 525 units would be low-density residential units and 175 units would be medium density residential units. Based on the household sizes above, the 700 units would then generate 1,802 people, which translate into a blended household size of 2.57. In addition to the above, an elementary school with 540 students would have a staff of approximately 30. Lastly, if 50,000 square feet of commercial floor space was developed, about 150 jobs could potentially be created (at one job per 30 square metres). Lastly, with a nursing home, another 40 jobs could be created. As a result the total number of people and jobs that could be accommodated within Craighurst, based on the assumptions above is 2,022. Based on the above, the amount of development/ Greenfield land required to support additional development based on a density of 32 persons and jobs per hectare is 63.18 hectares. It is recognized that some of the new jobs would be created on lands within the core area and already located within the settlement area. As a result, the amount of net Greenfield land required is designed to be flexible, to allow for a range of development options and for a full range of sewage treatment and disposal options. It is noted that environmental areas are excluded from any area calculations carried out to determine land needs in. accordance with Section 2.2.7.3 of the Growth Plan. This means that the lands to be protected from development adjacent to the watercourses and the woodlots that have been identified are to be excluded from the density calculation. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 The amount of net Greenfield land within the current Settlement Area is 39 hectares. Given that a total of 63 hectares is required, an additional 24 hectares of net Greenfield land is required. This amount was increased by 6.0 hectares to ensure that the infrastructure required for sewage treatment and disposal could be included within the settlement area. It is recognized that all or some of this infrastructure could be located within the existing settlement area boundary. Given that up to 30 hectares of additional net Greenfield land is required, (Which includes a 6.0 hectare allowance for servicing) the locating of this amount of land in the southwest quadrant is not possible, since the amount of Greenfield land potentially available in the southwest quadrant beyond the current settlement area boundary is about 17 hectares. As a result, there is a need to expand into the northeast quadrant under any scenario to accommodate the amount of land required. The options also identified alternative locations for a new 4.0 hectare community park and 2.0 hectare site for a new elementary school to be developed on full municipal services. At the present time, the elementary school serving the area is located in a rural area to the south on private services. In order to advance the principles of developing complete communities, the establishment of an elementary school within the community was considered to be a priority throughout the planning process. In addition, siting a community park in Craighurst was also considered to be a priority since there are no large community/area wide parks in Craighurst and area. Lastly, the development of housing for seniors and others that may be retired was also considered to be a priority and on this basis, a 1.0 hectare area of land was also identified in all of the concepts. One constant in all of the concepts was an enlarged central area focused on the County Road 22/County Road 93 intersection in which additional commercial and residential development in a more urban context would be encouraged. All of the above considerations were designed to support the establishment of as `complete' a community as possible in Craighurst. A more detailed review of the environmental features located within the northeast quadrant and the boundaries of the areas considered to be significant were identified by the landowner as the above options were being developed. These lands included the lands within the Oro Moraine Core/Corridor designation and the Oro Moraine Enhancement Area designation established by OPA 16. The combined area of these environmental areas is about 15 hectares and this land area was subtracted from the amount of Greenfield land required, since environmental areas are not counted according to the Growth Plan in the density calculation. On the basis of this more recent analysis, there are about 30.5 net hectares of Greenfield land in the northeast quadrant of the study area and outside of the settlement area. All of the options were assessed and it was determined that the most appropriate location for expansion is in the northeast quadrant. Lands in the south-west quadrant were not considered to be appropriate for expansion since Township of Oro-Medonte 7 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 there would be a need for at least one crossing of a sensitive watercourse, options for additional access to the expansion area from Horseshoe Valley Road (County Road 22) do not exist and because of the proximity of both Highway 400 and a main north-south CP Rail line to the area. Both of these transportation facilities are expected to have negative impacts on development located nearby. On the basis of the above, the 30 hectare expansion is proposed by this Amendment to be located within the northeast quadrant of the settlement area. Lands that are currently within the Oro Moraine Enhancement area designation will be designated Environmental Protection One by this Amendment and will be protected from development, although a north-south road crossing will be required. This Amendment establishes the maximum number of new dwelling units that can be established within Craighurst at 700. The previous settlement area boundary contained approximately 39 hectares of undeveloped land which includes 6.0 hectares for sewage treatment and disposal if all of the land was required for infrastructure, and it was estimated that approximately 412 dwelling could be accommodated in the former area. This Secondary Plan determines that a total of approximately 69 hectares of undeveloped land is to be included in the settlement area boundary in order to properly accommodate the growth anticipated in this community, in order to achieve a total of 700 new dwelling units across all of the undeveloped land in Craighurst. This 69 hectares of undeveloped land in total is intended to accommodate 700 new dwelling units, a potential school site, parks, infrastructure and associated 'Core Area' and 'Community Use Area' uses, a certain amount of flexibility is required to accommodate the amount of development anticipated by this Amendment on the lands designated for development by this Amendment . With respect to the community park, elementary school and nursing/ retirement facility, this Amendment establishes that the most ideal location for these facilities is in the northeast quadrant of the study area, and as close to the intersection of County Roads 22 and 93 as possible. This Amendment also strongly supports the establishment of a vibrant community core and an extensive system of trails and paths that are integrated within the community's natural heritage system and the Copeland Forest and Ganaraska Trail located to the north-east of the settlement area. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 8 May 27, 2009 PART 11 - THE AMENDMENT (This is an operative part of Official Plan Amendment No. 27). PART II - THE OFFICIAL PLAN AMENDMENT (This is an operative part of Official Plan Amendment No.27) 1. THE OFFICIAL PLAN AMENDMENT 1.1 The Official Plan is amended by deleting the last paragraph of Section A4.2.4 and replacing it with the following: "in order to provide for additional development in accordance with the objectives of this Official Plan, a Secondary Plan has been prepared to provide for the logical development of the Craighurst Settlement Area on full municipal services. " 1.2 The Official Plan is amended by adding the following sentence to the end of Section A4.3: "The policies of this Official Plan have provided the basis for the preparation and the consideration of a Secondary Plan for Craighurst, with such a Secondary Plan involving the expansion of the Craighurst Settlement Area by approximately 30 hectares. " 1.3 The Official Plan is amended by adding the following sentence to the end of Section C3.2: "Medium density uses such as townhouses and apartments in low-rise buildings may be permitted within Settlement Areas that are serviced by full municipal water and sewage services. " 1.4 The Official Plan is amended by deleting Section C3.3.2 (Special Development Policy for Craighurst) in its entirety and renumbering all other remaining sections accordingly. 1.5 The Official Plan is amended by including the lands shown on Schedule Al to this Amendment as being within the Craighurst Settlement Area as shown on Schedule A to the Official Plan. 1.6 The Official Plan is amended by adding a boundary around the Craighurst Settlement Area on Schedule A and noting on Schedule A that the lands within this boundary are subject to Section C18 of the Official Plan. 1.7 The Official Plan is amended by adding a new Section C18 (Craighurst Secondary Plan) as contained in Part III of this Official Plan Amendment. Township of Oro-Medonte 7 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 2. IMPLEMENTATION AND INTERPRETATION The provisions of the Oro-Medonte Official Plan relative to implementation and interpretation shall apply in regard to this Amendment; except that in the event of conflict, the provisions of this Amendment shall prevail. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 2 May 27, 2009 Schedule Al Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Township of Oro Medonte 1~,, 31 ~(b ® NTS Lands to be designated as Settlement Area This is Schedule 'A1' to OPA No. 27 Passed this day of , 2009 MERIDIAN P NT April 23, 2009 Mayor Clerk Schedule A2 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Township of Oro Medonte tk1 ~o\ g f. Lands subject to Section C18 of this Plan MERIDIAN PLANNING CONSULTANTS INC. April 23, 2009 Mayor Clerk NTS This is Schedule 'A2' to OPA No. 27 Passed this day of , 2009 PART 111 - THE SECONDARY PLAN (This is an operative part of Official Plan Amendment No. 27) PART III - THE SECONDARY PLAN (This is an operative part of Official Plan Amendment No. 27) C18. CRAIGHURST SECONDARY PLAN C18.1 INTRODUCTION C18.1.1 General The following text and Schedule A3 constitute the Secondary Plan for the Craighurst Secondary Plan. The boundaries of the Secondary Plan area are shown on Schedule A3. C18.1.2 Purpose The primary purpose of this Secondary Plan is to provide the basis for the development of a diverse community area in a manner that has the greatest positive impact on the quality of life in Craighurst and adjacent area. C18.2 COMMUNITY DIRECTIONS AND STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES C18.2.1 Goal Encourage the provision and maintenance of an appropriate mix of Residential, Commercial and Institutional Uses C18.2.1.1 Strategic Objectives a) Encourage the development of a range of uses that will support Craighurst and the Township as a whole as a place to live, work and play. b) Create a sense of civic identify and pride through a high standard of urban design for all new development. C) Encourage the provision of a full range of housing opportunities for present and future residents of all ages and incomes. d) Encourage the integration of new development areas into the fabric of the existing community. e) Encourage the provision of a broader range of services for residents in the community and area. f) Encourage the development of employment uses for local residents. Township of Oro-Medonte 1 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 C18.2.2 Goal Facilitate the safe movement of people and goods and enhanced travel to, from and within the community. C18.2.2.1 Strategic Objectives a) Encourage the establishment of a street pattern in new development areas that is based on a permeable grid pattern of collectors and local roads. b) Encourage and facilitate pedestrian and bicycle traffic and the use of trails and paths. C) Encourage the development of an integrated transportation system that safely and efficiently accommodates all modes of transportation. d) Minimize the disruption and negative impact associated with the movement of commercial goods (rail, truck etc.) e) Provide for the establishment of trail connections between Craighurst and the Copeland Forest and the Ganaraska Trail C18.2.3 Goal Encourage cost effective and timely Municipal community infrastructure development C18.2.3.1 Strategic Objectives a) Encourage the efficient use of land to make the best use of infrastructure and services. b) Ensure that appropriate financial plans and infrastructure strategies are in place before development occurs. C) Ensure that appropriate phasing strategies are in place to support the appropriate distribution and density of new development to achieve the overall development pattern and density target for the settlement area as a whole, while recognizing that variations to densities on individual sites may be appropriate in consideration of other benefits achieved as a result of such adjustments, which benefits might for example include; improved community services, community or educational facilities and infrastructure. d) Ensure that the cost of infrastructure development is borne by the landowners who will benefit. Township of Oro-Medonte 2 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 C18.2.4 Goal Encourage well timed service delivery C18.2.4.1 Strategic Objectives a) Ensure that hard and soft service needs are identified up front and then appropriately prioritized and delivered either before or at the same time as new development. b) Encourage the development of public facilities in appropriate locations at the right time to meet the needs of present and future residents. C) Encourage the appropriate school board to consider the development of a new urban school in Craighurst as soon in the development cycle as possible to support the establishment of a complete community. C18.2.5 Goal Promote and facilitate active and healthy lifestyles and life long learning C18.2.5.1 Strategic Objectives a) Encourage the establishment of a healthy community that is made up of an interconnected system of open spaces, walking trails, bicycle routes and natural heritage features. b) Promote the development of a strong arts and cultural community that builds upon local knowledge, history and experience. C) Encourage the consolidation of community and recreational uses, such as schools, cultural facilities, libraries, day nurseries and recreational facilities when possible. d) Encourage the development of housing geared to seniors adjacent to educational facilities. C18.2.6 Goal Protect and enhance natural features C18.2.6.1 Strategic Objectives a) Protect and enhance significant natural heritage features and their associated ecological and hydrological functions. Township of Oro-Medonte 3 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 b) Maintain, restore and where diversity and connectivity ecological functions. possible, enhance or improve the of natural heritage features and c) Encourage the integration of the parks and open space system with the natural heritage system wherever possible. d) Encourage through proper planning that the features and related function of natural environment areas are not negatively impacted by public use. e) Encourage the use of building materials and building construction that minimize energy use. f) Encourage the infiltration of water into the ground at source wherever possible through the use of permeable paving materials and other infiltration at source solutions. 18.2.7 Infrastructure 18.2.7.1 18.2.7.2 Goal Ensure that all infrastructure, including sanitary sewers, water distribution and stormwater management facilities and roads meet the needs of present and future residents and businesses in an efficient, environmentally-sensitive, cost effective and timely manner. Strategic Objectives a) To ensure that consideration is given to the economics of providing services to the people of the Township as part of the review of any development proposal to ensure that the development pattern is efficient and does not lead to inefficiencies or a decline in the level of municipal service. b) To ensure that all necessary infrastructure required to serve the Secondary Plan area is built as necessary prior to, or coincident with, urban development. C) To establish an integrated transportation system that safely and efficiently accommodates various modes of transportation including trains, automobiles, trucks, buses, cycling and walking. d) To establish a street pattern within new development areas that is based on a permeable grid pattern of collector and local roads. Township of Oro-Medonte 4 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 C18.3 LAND USE CONCEPT The designations that are intended to implement the Goals and Strategic Objectives contained within Section C18.2 are described below: C18.3.1 Living Area This designation applies to lands that are intended to be primarily used for residential purposes in the Secondary Plan Area. C18.3.2 Core Area This designation is intended to apply to lands that are intended to be used for retail and service employment uses and a range of residential uses in a mixed-use setting. C18.3.3 Community Use Area This designation applies to lands that will be the site of parkland, public recreational facilities, school facilities and places of worship. C18.3.4 Environmental Protection One This designation applies to lands, which are not to be developed because they are the site of significant natural heritage features C18.4 LAND USE PLAN C18.4.1 Living Area C18.4.1.1 Objectives It is the intent of this designation to: a) encourage the provision of accommodate persons with backgrounds, needs and desires; a range of housing types to diverse social and economic b) encourage the provision of a full range of housing opportunities to meet the Township's projected housing needs; C) promote the efficient use of existing and planned infrastructure by creating the opportunity for various forms of residential intensification, where appropriate; d) establish a comprehensive set of design guidelines and policies that foster the establishment of an urban environment that is safe, functional and attractive; and, Township of Oro-Medonte 5 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 e) maintain and enhance the character and identity of existing residential areas. C18.4.1.2 Permitted Uses Permitted uses in the Living Area designation include: a) single detached dwellings; b) semi-detached dwellings; C) townhouse, multiple and low rise apartment dwellings; d) accessory apartments in single-detached dwellings; e) home occupations; f) bed and breakfast establishments in single detached dwellings; g) garden suites; h) private home daycare for up to five children; i) special needs housing; j) existing commercial and light industrial uses; k) places of worship; l) cemeteries; and, m) community halls. C18.4.1.3 Housing Mix, Density and Number of New Dwellings Permitted a) No more than 75% of all new dwellings shall be single detached dwellings. The remainder shall be made up of a combination of other dwelling types. b) The minimum density of new development shall generally be 32 persons and jobs per hectare with this density being measured across all of undeveloped land that is net of environmental features and lands required for sewage treatment and disposal facilities. C) Notwithstanding any policy in this plan, no more than 700 additional dwelling units may be developed in Craighurst (accessory apartments are not included). Township of Oro-Medonte 6 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 d) New development in the community shall be assessed in the context of the overall structure and density targets for all of the lands that are designated for development in the entire community, as well as in the context of the specific community benefits advanced by the new development, including but not limited to, items such as, infrastructure, community services, community facilities and educational facilities, to ensure that the primary goals for the whole community are being addressed. Notwithstanding this policy, it is recognized that certain areas closer to the centre of the community may be more suitable for higher density uses. C18.4.1.4 Accessory Apartments Accessory apartments are permitted in conjunction with a single detached dwelling in the Living Area designation subject to the regulations of the Zoning By-law and the following criteria: a) the accessory apartment will comply with the Ontario Building and Fire Codes; b) adequate parking is available on the lot for both dwelling units; and, c) the accessory apartment is designed and located in such a manner to not have an impact on the character of the surrounding neighbourhood. As a condition of approval, the Township may require that the accessory apartment be registered in accordance with the provisions of the Municipal Act. C18.4.1.5 Home Occupations Home occupations are permitted, provided: a) it is wholly located within a dwelling unit; b) it is clearly secondary to the primary use of the property as a residence, in terms of floor space utilization, and is compatible with surrounding residential uses; C) it is located in the principal residence of the person conducting the home occupation; d) no outside storage of goods, materials, equipment or service vehicles other than cars, vans and light trucks related to the home occupation occurs; Township of Oro-Medonte 7 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 e) adequate on-site parking is provided for the home occupation use, in addition to the parking required for the residential use, and such parking is provided in locations compatible with the surrounding residential uses; and, f) the sign identifying the home occupation is limited in size and in accordance with the municipal Sign By-law. The implementing zoning by-law shall further detail the conditions under which a home occupation may be permitted. A home occupation may be permitted in an accessory building, provided a minor variance has been granted and issues related to compatibility, scale and the type of home occupation have been considered. C18.4.1.6 Bed and Breakfast Establishments Bed and breakfast establishments are permitted in single detached dwellings subject to Site Plan Control and the following criteria: a) the use shall not have a negative impact on the enjoyment and privacy of neighbouring properties; b) the use is clearly secondary to the primary use of the dwelling as a residence; C) the bed and breakfast establishment must be the principal residence of the owner and operator; d) the character of the dwelling as a private residence is preserved; e) adequate parking facilities are available on the lot for the proposed use; f) no more than three rooms are available for guests; and, g) the use will not cause a traffic hazard. The implementing Zoning By-law shall further detail the conditions under which a bed and breakfast establishment may be permitted. C18.4.1.7 Garden Suites Garden suites are permitted in conjunction with a single detached dwelling in the Living Area designation provided that: a) it is located in the rear yard and appropriate buffering and siting of the suite relative to adjacent properties is provided; b) adequate parking is available on the lot for both the single detached dwelling and the garden suite; Township of Oro-Medonte 8 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 C) a site specific Temporary Use By-law is passed pursuant to the Planning Act; and, d) the applicant enters into an agreement with the Township, which addresses site location, buffering and installation/ removal and maintenance during the period of occupancy. C18.4.1.8 Special Needs Housing Special Needs Housing such as long term care facilities and retirement homes are permitted provided: a) the site has access and frontage onto a County Road or Collector road; b) the site is large enough to accommodate the building, on-site parking and appropriate buffering in the form of landscaping, fencing and trees; C) the building is buffered from adjacent low density residential uses by setbacks, landscaping, fencing and trees to ensure compatibility of the use with adjacent land uses; and, d) the use will not cause traffic hazards or an unacceptable level of congestion on surrounding roads. C18.4.1.9 Townhouse, Multiple and Low-rise Apartment Uses Townhouse, multiple and apartments in low-rise (up to 3 storey) buildings are permitted, provided: a) the proposal respects the character of adjacent residential neighbourhoods, in terms of height, bulk and massing; b) the use can be easily integrated with surrounding land uses and open space uses; C) the use will not cause or create traffic hazards or an unacceptable level of congestion on surrounding roads; and, d) the site has adequate land area to incorporate required parking, recreational facilities, landscaping and buffering on-site. C18.4.1.10 Existing Commercial and Light Industrial Uses A number of commercial and light industrial uses existed on lands within the Living Area designation on the date this section of the Plan came into effect. While it is the long-term intent of this Plan that these lands be utilized primarily for residential uses, the continued use of these Township of Oro-Medonte 9 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 Lands for existing commercial and light industrial uses and similar uses is permitted, subject of the provisions of the implementing zoning by-law. C18.4.2 Core Area C18.4.2.1 Objectives It is the intent of this designation to: a) encourage commercial development and redevelopment that will provide a range of goods and services, to meet the needs of the Township and area residents, employees and businesses and the travelling public; b) anticipate and accommodate new trends in retailing as appropriate; C) encourage and promote development that combines commercial, residential and other land uses to facilitate the more efficient use of urban land and the establishment of a human-scale pedestrian environment; d) promote the efficient use of existing and planned infrastructure by creating the opportunity for various forms of commercial and residential intensification, where appropriate; e) require a high standard of urban design for development and redevelopment in Core Areas; f) foster the establishment of an urban environment that is safe, functional and attractive; and, g) ensure that all new development in Core Areas is compatible with adjacent development. C18.4.2.2 Permitted uses Permitted Uses include: i) retail and service commercial uses; ii) medical, dental and professional offices; iii) hotels and bed and breakfast establishments; iv) day nurseries; V) private and commercial schools; vi) places of worship and other institutional uses; Township of Oro-Medonte 10 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 vii) private recreational uses, such as banquet halls and private clubs; viii) restaurants; ix) residential uses; and, x) long-term care facilities and retirement homes. C18.4.2.3 Form of Development Horseshoe Valley Road is intended to function as the "main street" of the Craighurst Community with the focus of development and public investment being the `Four Corners' - the intersection of County Roads 22 and 93. It is further the intent of this Secondary Plan that the ground floor of the buildings fronting on Horseshoe Valley Road be reserved and protected for street-level retail and office uses. New residential uses, including apartments, are generally directed to the upper floor of buildings on Horseshoe Valley Road in the Core Area designation. Minor expansions of the Core Area along Horseshoe Valley Road may be considered without an Amendment to this Plan provided that the effects of the expansion does not effect the intent of the Plan to focus commercial development on the `Four Corners'. C18.4.2.4 Height In order to maintain a consistent facade, the minimum height of buildings fronting Horseshoe Valley Road shall generally be two storeys and the maximum height shall be three to four storeys. C18.4.2.5 Parking Management As development occurs in the Core Area, a comprehensive parking management strategy should be completed for the area. The intent of the strategy would be to identify public and private parking options in the area and the means to secure their development. Shared parking would also be investigated. A phasing plan should also be developed as part of the management strategy to ensure that appropriate parking facilities are available as development occurs. C18.4.2.6 Urban Design The Core Area shall be developed as a pedestrian oriented focal point in the Craighurst community. In this regard, it is a policy of this plan to require the preparation of detailed urban design and streetscape guidelines for the area before development occurs. The intent of this policy is to ensure that all issues respecting building placement, landscaping and land uses are considered on a comprehensive basis to ensure that the goals and objectives of this Official Plan are met. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 11 May 27, 2009 C18.4.2.7 Boundary of Core Area Designation The boundaries of the Core Area designation are considered to be flexible and can be expanded without an Amendment to this Plan, provided the goals and objectives of this Plan are satisfied. C18.4.3 Community Use Area C18.4.3.1 Objectives It is the intent of this designation to: a) ensure that a full range of community uses is available to meet the social, cultural, educational and recreational needs of area residents; b) ensure that community uses are located in a manner that complements natural heritage features; and, c) ensure that community uses are as accessible as possible to residents. C18.4.3.2 Community Uses Community uses include: a) public parks and trails; b) public schools; C) public recreational facilities; and, d) places of worship. C18.4.3.3 Public Parkland a) Objectives It is the objective of this Secondary Plan to: i) establish and maintain a system of public open spaces, parkland and recreational facilities that meets the needs of present and future residents; ensure that appropriate amounts and types of parkland are acquired by the Township through the development process; iii) encourage the dedication and donation of environmentally sensitive lands into public ownership to Township of Oro-Medonte 12 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 ensure their continued protection; iv) promote the establishment of a continuous linear open space system connecting natural, cultural and recreational land uses within the Secondary Plan and beyond; V) co-ordinate with other public and private agencies in the provision of open space, recreational and cultural facilities; and, vi) encourage the development of a walking and cycling trail system within the open space system that is accessible to the public utilizing trails, paths, streets and other public open spaces. C18.4.3.4 Schools a) Location One school site is to be located on lands designated Community Use Area on Schedule A3. It is the intent of this Plan that: i) the school is designed and built to adequately serve the surrounding neighbourhood and/or catchment area; and, ii) the site is reserved as part of the planning process. b) Schools as Focal Points It is the intent of this plan that the proposed school become a focal point of the surrounding neighbourhood, both from a social perspective and from a geographic perspective. In this regard, every effort should be made to locate the school in a manner which is visible from the surrounding lands and which are located in a central location. The establishment of access roads to the school site that are shared with the Township to access public park areas may be considered to assist achieving this objective. C) Alternative Uses The final determination of the need for a particular school site rests with the applicable school board. If such a site is deemed to not be necessary, and after an appropriate period of time has passed, the affected lands can be developed in accordance with the policies of the Living Area designation. If the lands are developed with alternative lands uses, regard shall be had to the role of the site as a focal point in the area. As a result, urban design guidelines shall be prepared to support the development Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 13 May 27, 2009 of alternative land uses. Prior to approving development on such a site, Council shall be satisfied that the proposed uses and how they are arranged ensure that the site becomes a focal point in the surrounding neighbourhood. C18.4.3.5 Boundary of Community Use Designation Refinements to the boundary of the Community Use designation reflect more detailed plans will not require an Amendment to this Plan, provided the intent of this Plan is maintained. C18.4.4 Environmental Protection One C18.4.4.1 Policies a) The policies of Section B2 of this Plan apply to lands within the Environmental Protection One designation. The size of the no development buffer adjacent to the Environmental Protection One designation shall be determined through the preparation of an Environmental Impact Study that is considered to be satisfactory to the Township. b) The boundaries of the Environmental Protection One designation can be modified based on the submission of more detailed studies on the limits of sensitive natural heritage features. No development shall generally be located within 30 metres of the top of bank of any watercourse unless the Environmental Impact Study required in clause a) has demonstrated that the proposed limit of development adjacent to any watercourse and/or top of bank is appropriate. C18.5 URBAN DESIGN C18.5.1 Objectives It is the intent of this Plan to: a) promote development that is based on good design principles and standards that reflect the goals, objectives, and policies of this Secondary Plan; b) encourage high quality design that is complementary and compatible with existing development, the Township's cultural and natural heritage, and which fosters a strong sense of civic identity and pride; C) ensure high quality design is employed in the development of all public works and that these public works contribute to an improved urban environment; Township of Oro-Medonte 14 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 d) exercise appropriate municipal development control in order to achieve a consistently high quality of site, building and landscape design; C18.5.2 C18.5.3 e) recognize the character and built form of existing development in the community in the preparation of urban design strategies; and, f) ensure the safety and security of public and publicly accessible places through urban design. Urban Design Policies/Guidelines The policies of this section are intended to provide the basis for the consideration of any application submitted in accordance with the Planning Act. Public Realm The took, feel and treatment of public areas such as roads, parks, and public open spaces are a key component of what makes up the character of the community. Therefore, high quality design in the public realm shall be encouraged in the development of all public parks and open spaces, roads, buildings and engineering projects. The development of new public buildings shall be in accordance with relevant provisions of this Section of the Plan. The following additional policies shall apply to the design of these public areas and to the public works carried out in these areas: a) An integrated design and treatment of streetscape features shall be promoted throughout the Secondary Plan Area. b) Streetscape features located within public rights-of-way, such as lighting fixtures, directional and street signs, and street furniture shall be complementary in their design and located in an integrated manner, so as to avoid visual clutter. C) Road designs shall include well-designed streetscape features, incorporating, among other things: street tree planting, street lighting and furnishings, sidewalk and boulevard treatments, a variety of paving materials, and, where appropriate, bicycle lanes, community mailboxes and future transit shelters. d) Road designs may incorporate traffic calming techniques such as narrower rights-of-way, traffic circles, and speed control devices, where appropriate, to promote a safer pedestrian environment and/or to maintain vehicles within designated speed limits. Township of Oro-Medonte 15 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 e) Services and utilities shall be encouraged to locate underground in order to maintain a pleasant visual environment along public roads. Above-ground utility service providers shall be encouraged to co-operate with the Township in identifying locations which minimize the visual impacts of such equipment and facilities where located within the public road right-of-way. C18.5.4 Safety Personal safety for individuals shall be promoted by including the provision of: a) Appropriate lighting, visibility and opportunities for public surveillance for parking lots, walkways and open space areas; b) Unobstructed views into parks and open spaces from adjoining streets and publicly accessible buildings; C) Landscaping that maintains views for safety and surveillance; and, d) Clear and appropriately located signage, which precludes entrapment or the perception of entrapment. C18.5.5 Views and Vistas a) The preservation, enhancement and/or creation of significant views and vistas shall be encouraged. b) Public and institutional buildings shall be encouraged to locate: i) at the termination of a street or view corridor; and, ii) at street intersections. C18.5.6 Gateways Gateways to the community are located at the edges of the community on the two County Roads. These areas are intended to function as the main entry points into the community. Particular regard has to be had to the design of buildings and the public realm in these gateway areas to ensure that they are appropriate entry points into the community. As a result, specific urban design guidelines will be required in these gateway areas to meet the goals and objectives of this Secondary Plan. C18.5.7 Implementation The Township shall employ all relevant municipal development controls in order to achieve a consistently high standard of site, building and landscape design. Township of Oro-Medonte 16 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 The urban design policies of this Plan shalt be implemented by: a) ensuring that the implementing Zoning By-law is amended to include standards that reflect the objectives and policies of this Plan; b) ensuring that the Township's engineering standards are regularly refined to reflect the objectives and policies of this Plan and any Council-adopted Urban Design Guidelines; C) ensuring that the Township's Site Plan Manual sets out the minimum requirements of the Township in a clear and concise manner; d) ensuring that all Public Works decisions generally conform with this Plan and Township-approved Urban Design Guidelines; and, e) utilizing Architectural Control in the Craighurst Secondary Plan areas, where appropriate, to detail proposed building designs and materials, and in order to avoid repetitive building forms along residential subdivision streets. C18.5.8 Urban Design Guidelines a) All development applications shall be evaluated to determine the extent to which the application achieves the Urban Design objectives of this Plan as set out in this Plan. b) Council may require the preparation of area-specific Urban Design Guidelines as part of the consideration of major development proposals or the preparation of area-specific studies. C) For residential subdivision plans, the Township shall require, prior to draft plan of subdivision approval, the preparation of Community Urban Design Guidelines for the subdivision plan, to guide the overall character of the proposed subdivision through design features such as street light design, sidewalk materials and locations, perimeter fencing, utility placement, community mailbox locations and/or facilities, gateway or entrance features, street tree planting in the public right-of-way, and park and public open space design. d) For residential subdivision plans, the Township shall require, as a condition of draft plan of subdivision approval, the preparation of Architectural Control Guidelines which detail the proposed building designs and materials, in order to avoid repetitive building forms along internal streets within residential plans of subdivision. The Township may also require, as a condition of Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 17 May 27, 2009 draft plan of subdivision approval, an external architectural peer review prior to the issuance of construction permits for each building, and to ensure that the intent of the Architectural Control Guidelines is secured. C18.5.9 Development Approvals a) The urban design policies of this Plan, and any Council-adopted Urban Design Guidelines, shall be employed in the evaluation of all development applications within the Township. b) The Township shall exercise its powers of zoning and site plan approval to encourage a high quality of building and landscape design and shall review and amend its Site Plan Manual in order to implement the Urban Design policies of this Plan and any Council-adopted Urban Design Guidelines. C) For development requiring site plan approval, the Township may request the applicant to prepare design guidelines in conjunction with the submission of site plan application unless guidelines were prepared previously. d) The Township shall exercise control over signs and fences in accordance with applicable legislation and shall ensure that its municipal by-laws are regularly reviewed and amended to reflect the urban design policies of this Plan and any Council-adopted Urban Design Guidelines. C18.6 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES C18.6.1 Objectives Ensuring that heritage features inherited from the past are passed on for enjoyment and care by future generations is a key issue in prudent heritage conservation planning. On this basis, it is the objective of this Secondary Plan to: a) actively encourage the incorporation of farmhouses, residences and major agricultural built heritage elements such as barns into the evolving future landscape; b) protect and maintain character-defining elements, i.e., treelines and hedgerows and the rolling topography, associated with the roadscapes in the area where possible; and, c) protect and maintain as much as possible of the rural landscape characteristics such as treelines, hedgerows, fencing, etc., associated with the agricultural landscape. Township of Oro-Medonte 18 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 Achieving these objectives will assist in creating a landscape in the Craighurst Community that provides an element of continuity between old and new. Incorporating cultural heritage components assists in making the area visually diverse and hence more environmentally distinctive. It also enables greater depth and texture to be incorporated into the new landscape, making it physically more interesting and reflective of the area's past. C18.6.2 Policies C18.6.2.1 Designation of Property The Township may designate built heritage features under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. Additionally, and where possible, the Township shall ensure the retention of any municipally designated features in the process of subdivision plan approval, site plan approval or any other development approvals or agreements negotiated as part of acceptable development of the community. Where identified built heritage features or cultural landscape units cannot be reasonable conserved as part of the development of the Craighurst Community, such features may be recorded or otherwise documented through photography, measured drawings or other means as considered appropriate. Consideration may be given to the relocation, preferably within the study area, of built heritage features if conservation in-situ is not possible. Additionally, in the detailed site planning of the Craighurst Community care shall be taken to conserve and respect built heritage features and agricultural remnants of the former rural landscape. The Township will work with landowners to achieve the inclusion in future development of such features as: • improved public access to heritage properties; • the inclusion of areas of open space making use of and preserving rural landscape features including barn ruins, foundations, existing treelines, hedges and fence lines; • interpretive devices such as plaques and displays; and, • the use of compatible and appropriate building materials and design in new construction adjacent to heritage property. C18.6.2.2 Public buildings, street and park names The Township will endeavour to commemorate historical families from the Craighurst Community in the naming of public buildings, streets, parks or other public places. Township of Oro-Medonte 19 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 C18.6.2.3 Existing Rural Landscape Character Important cultural landscape components of the existing rural landscape will be considered for incorporation into future development by encouraging the preservation of hedgerows, fence lines, existing tree stands, tree-lined roads and farm buildings. C18.6.2.4 Land disturbance Land disturbance undertaken within the Craighurst Secondary Plan Area, including public works such as: berm construction and slope or bank stabilization; shall be kept to a minimum and it shall only be undertaken in a manner that does not destroy or adversely affect cultural heritage resources, i.e., built heritage features and cultural heritage landscapes C18.7 TRANSPORTATION C18.7.1 Objectives It is the objective of this Plan to: a) facilitate the movement of people and goods within and to the Secondary Plan area; b) establish an integrated transportation system that safely and efficiently accommodates various modes of transportation including trains, automobiles, trucks, buses, cycling and walking; C) promote cycling and walking as energy efficient, affordable and accessible forms of travel; d) ensure that new roads are constructed safely, designed in a grid- oriented street network to help distribute traffic evenly; e) ensure that appropriate right-of-way widths for all existing and proposed roads are provided in accordance with the Planning Act; and, f) encourage the use of alternative development standards for roads, where appropriate. C18.7.2 Pedestrian And Cycling Routes And Facilities An interconnected system of cycling and walking routes providing access to major activity areas shall be established in the Secondary Plan area. In order to plan for and encourage walking and cycling, the Township shall: Township of Oro-Medonte 20 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 a) consider the provision of safe and convenient cycling and walking routes in the review of all development applications; b) investigate and provide for bicycle lanes wherever possible in the construction or reconstruction of roads; C) encourage and support measures which will provide for barrier- free design of pedestrian facilities; d) ensure that lands for bicycle/ pedestrian paths are included with the land requirements for roads; e) ensure that the rights and privacy of adjacent property owners are factored into the design process for pedestrian and cycling routes; and, f) ensure that all pedestrian and cycling routes are designed to be safe. C18.7.3 Road Network C18.7.3.1 Road Classification System a) For the purposes of this Plan, all roads in the Craighurst Community are classified as follows: • County Road; • Collector Road; or • Local Road b) The exact alignment of future Collector Roads shall be determined either through municipal studies or during the consideration of development applications. C) Right-of-Way Widths Right-of-way widths for County Roads are 26 metres. The right- of-way width for Collector Roads is 23 metres and for Local Roads it is 20 metres. The right-of-way width for any public road may allow for the placement of travel lanes, turning lanes, utilities, infrastructure, sidewalks, paths, bicycle lanes, medians, streetscaping and landscaped boulevards, where appropriate. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 21 May 27, 2009 As a condition of a development approval, land for road widenings shall be conveyed at no expense to the Township or County, as applicable in accordance with the provisions of the Planning Act. d) Traffic Calming The Township may investigate traffic calming measures to be implemented in certain locations within the Secondary Plan Area and/or as a requirement of a development approval to promote pedestrian safety and mitigate the effects of automobile traffic within the Township. Traffic calming features may be permitted subject to an evaluation by the Township of functional, operational, servicing and financial issues associated with their use. e) Public Off-Street Parking The Township will endeavour to provide off-street parking to serve the Core Area. In this regard, Council may: i) operate municipal parking lots on properties the Township owns, acquires and/or leases, and provide direction for establishing new lots; ii) establish areas where payment of cash-in-lieu of required parking may be accepted. A reserve fund may be established to be used for the improvement or expansion of public parking facilities; and, iii) use, or authorize the use of vacant lands for parking on a temporary basis, where such parking is needed and desirable. f) The Township shall review off-street and on-street parking regulations to reflect evolving patterns of automobile use at the time of the preparation of the implementing Zoning By-law. Reduced parking requirements may be considered where sufficient public off-street and on-street parking facilities exist. In addition, parking requirements may be reduced if the uses on the lot each require parking at different times of the day. Opportunities for the sharing of parking in mixed-use development will be considered during the review of a development application. C18.8 SERVICING All new development within the Craighurst Secondary Plan Area shall be serviced by municipal water and sewer services and stormwater management facilities. In conjunction with the development phasing Township of Oro-Medonte 22 Official Plan Amendment No. 17 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 plan required by Section C18.9 of this Plan, a Master Servicing Plan shall also be prepared to address water supply, sanitary servicing and stormwater management. Wastewater treatment plants and disposal areas, water supply infrastructure and stormwater management infrastructure is permitted in any land use designation except the Environmental Protection One designation. It is the intent of the Township to ensure that the stormwater management system constructed within the Secondary Plan Area: a) maintains an appropriate water balance; b) ensures that the appropriate amount of water is returned to the groundwater system; C) addresses and maintains water quality; d) minimizes erosion within the Secondary Plan Area; and, e) controls the quantity water during storm events. In order to ensure that the above criteria are met, a number of stormwater management ponds will be required to support development within the Craighurst Secondary Plan. The planning for stormwater management shall be in accordance with the Ministry of Environment Stormwater Management Planning and Design Manual, as amended. C18.9 DEVELOPMENT PHASING C18.9.1 Objectives It is the intent of this Plan: a) to ensure that development occurs in an orderly, well-planned manner; and b) to ensure that the provision of community services and facilities is co-ordinated with the development of new development areas. C18.9.2 General Phasing Criteria Development in the Craighurst Secondary Plan Area shall be phased to ensure that the development occurs in a logical and cost effective manner. In this regard, the Township shall be satisfied that any application for development: Township of Oro-Medonte 23 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 a) contributes to the protection and enhancement of natural heritage features and ecological functions and provides opportunities for public ownership of these lands, if such lands are part of the proposal; b) involves the logical completion or extension of the existing urbanized area, roads and other infrastructure to avoid scattered development patterns; C) can be adequately and economically serviced by municipal water and wastewater services and storm drainage facilities; d) provides the park sites, school sites and portions of a community-wide trail system that may be required in a timely manner; e) provides a mix and range of housing to accommodate the Township's housing needs; and, f) can be accommodated within the financial capabilities of the Township to provide the necessary services without decreasing the level of service to existing development. C18.9.3 Staging and Phasing Plan a) Given the size of the Craighurst Community Secondary Plan area, there are a number of phasing options and opportunities. In addition, environmental assessments for various components of the proposed infrastructure may have an impact on phasing. b) Prior to the Final Approval of any Plan of Subdivision or the approval of any other major development in the Secondary Plan Area, a Development Phasing Plan shall be prepared. The Development Phasing Plan shall: i) identify the limits of the first and possible future phases of development in the entire Secondary Plan Area; ii) identify the infrastructure improvements required to service the first and latter phases; iii) describe how the infrastructure improvements will be staged in accordance with an Environmental Assessment; and, iv) describe how the objectives set out in Section C18.9.2 of this Plan are met. Township of Oro-Medonte 24 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants May 27, 2009 C) Once the Development Phasing Plan for the Secondary Plan area has been accepted by Council, area-specific phasing plans for larger development properties shall be prepared and approved by Council, prior to Draft Plan Approval. Each individual phasing plan shall conform to the overall Development Phasing Plan for the Secondary Plan area and shall satisfy the objectives of the Township as set out in Section C18.9.2. d) In order to ensure that development within each development area subject to an approved area-specific phasing plan occurs in a logical manner, an appropriate percentage of each phase shall be completed prior to the Draft Approval of any Plan of Subdivision in the following phase. Council may waive this requirement provided the Township is satisfied that: i) there is a demonstrated demand and need for additional housing units and diversity in the housing market in the next phase(s) to fulfill market requirements; ii) required infrastructure improvements, parks and other public facilities will be provided within an acceptable time frame; and, iii) development will progress in a co-ordinated and orderly fashion to avoid scattered or disjointed development patterns, with particular regard given to the appropriate integration of infrastructure, community facilities and neighbourhoods. C18.10 DEVELOPER COST SHARE AGREEMENTS - FINANCIAL AGREEMENTS It is a policy of this Plan that new development shall be responsible for the cost of any upgrades to existing infrastructure and new infrastructure that will benefit such new development. The following policies also apply: a) Costs of local infrastructure or service improvements within the Secondary Plan Area, which benefit more than one individual development, shall be equitably apportioned amongst landowners within the Secondary Plan area on a net developable areas basis or benefitting area basis. b) Such costs may include community use lands and facilities, schools, parks, traits and community infrastructure facilities or public works (including oversizing) and including roads, sanitary, water and storm water facilities, financing and indexing adjustments, including upgrades to works outside the Secondary Plan Area necessary to permit development within the Plan area. For those facilities not of community wide benefit, costs will Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 25 May 27, 2009 only be allocated to those landowners who benefit by the specified work. C) Prior to the Final Approval of any plan of subdivision, a Cost Sharing Agreement will be required to establish, to the satisfaction of the Township, the means of providing community facilities and services as well as common amenities (e.g. collector road, municipal sanitary and water services, parkland, schools) for the Secondary Plan Area. d) It is also recognized that the Cost Sharing Agreement will establish rights for adjacent landowners to connect to the services of the Secondary Plan Area provided such landowners pay their fair share of the related infrastructure costs and become parties to the Cost Sharing Agreement. e) Furthermore, it is recognized that adjacent landowners may seek to secure easement rights across the properties in the Secondary Plan Area in order to provide the necessary municipal services to adjacent lands. f) The Cost Sharing Agreements may be registered on title for each participating landowner and the covenants and obligations of the Cost Share Agreement survive any transfer in ownership of a relevant parcel of land. C18.11 TIMING OF DEVELOPMENT a) No new lots shall be created in the Craighurst Community Secondary Plan area for any purpose, unless: i) The Development Phasing Plan for the entire Secondary Plan area has been approved by the Township; or ii) an area-specific phasing plan has been prepared for the lands on which the new lot(s) is proposed; or iii) the intent of the application is to consolidate parcels of land for development purposes or to create a new parcel to facilitate new development. b) The re-zoning of any land within the Secondary Plan to permit a new use or an expansion to an existing use is considered to be premature until the Development Phasing Plan identified in Section C18.9.3 b) has been approved and the area-specific phasing plan identified in Section C18.9.3(c) has been approved. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 26 May 27, 2009 C18.12 RELATIONSHIP WITH OFFICIAL PLAN The provisions of the Official Plan as amended from time to time, regarding the implementation of that Plan shall apply in regard to this Secondary Plan, insofar as they affect the subject area; except in the event of conflict the provisions of this Secondary Plan shall prevail. C18.13 MINIMUM DISTANCE SEPARATION New development on lands subject to this Plan is not required to comply with the Minimum Distance Separation formula. C18.14 IMPLEMENTING ZONING BY-LAW Council shall amend the Township's comprehensive Zoning By-law to implement the provisions of this Secondary Plan. The comprehensive Zoning By-law may be more restrictive than this Secondary Plan, with respect to both permitted uses and density. Since a range in use and density is permitted within each of the designations, it is not intended that every area and development proceed to the maximum use and density permitted by the designation, but rather that Council shall have regard for the opportunities and constraints affecting each site, including the relationship with nearby areas of lower density housing, if any. Township of Oro-Medonte Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Prepared by Meridian Planning Consultants 27 May 27, 2009 Schedule A3 Official Plan Amendment No. 27 Township of Oro Medonte Legend Environmental Protection Zone - Core Area 0 Community use Area ~M rn Q Living Area Secondary Plan Boundary 0 U i fJ_ 0 150 300 co 6 Meters April 21, 2009 1793 THE APPENDICES Design Concepts dated October and December 2008. 2. TSH report dated April 2008. Craighurst Secondary Pl an Development Option A Legend - - - Settlement Area Boundary in Approved Official Plan M ~ Developed Area in Approved Official Plan Settlement Area O o U Expansion Study Area Watercourse Corridor Wooded Area - Mixed Use (6.93 ha.) yw pOO■■°jOq New Development No~~ i i~ 1~ (to equal 63 ha.) - Community Park (4.2Z ha.) ~ - Elementary School Site (2.0 ha. -Nursing Home (1.20 ha.) - - K O Neighbourhood Park (0.84 ha.) ° - -t•.. - ! Residential (52.17 ha.) Horseshoe Valley Road a..' SWM (2.68 ha.) mmmm Potential Collector Road (Conceptual) Q~ Draft for Discussion M S 1 ~ lY 0 0 150 300 0 U Meters October 28, 2008 1793 Craighurst Secondary Pl an Development Option B Legend co Settlement Area Boundary in Approved Official Plan ' _ Developed Area in -Approved Official Plan Settlement Area Expansion Study Area Watercourse Corridor Wooded Area 0 Mixed Use (6.93 ha.) ■■■■■ou■■ New (t o equal 63 ha.) ~ • ® Community Park (4.22 ha.) ■ ~ O Elementary School Site (2.0 ha.) ~ ■ i ■ ® Nursing Home (1.20 ha.) - Neighbourhood Park (0.84 ha.) ■ ~ _ _k~'k • ITI ~ Residential (52.17 ha.) ■ - - - - - - - - c. ~SWM(2.68 ha.) Horseshoe Valley Road ' ■ mono Potential Collector Road - (Conceptual) e ♦ ~ : , Draft for Discussion Ilk, c 0 0 150 300 0 U Meters October 28, 2008 1793 Craighurst Secondary Pl an Development Option C Legend m - M - Settlement Area Boundary in Approved Official Plan Developed Area in -Approved Official Plan Settlement Area O :o Expansion Study Area Watercourse Corridor m. m ` ~ Wooded Area . LA6 ~ p ■ , . - Mixed Use (6.14 ha.) ■ uu■■~~ New Development (to equal 63 ha.) 4- *1 ~ e Community Park (4.22 ha.) - • Elementary School Site (2.0 ha.) - ■ • ■ ®Nursing Home (1.20 ha.) 1 Y' • k ■ Q Neighbourhood Park (0.84 ha.) " ttt~+.i ■ TM Residential (52.17 ha.) . Horseshoe Valley Road ° " " ° ' ' " SWM (2.68 ha.) ■ o.. Potential Collector Road ■ - (Conceptual) ■ Oti Draft for Discussion MINN. M 1 V c 0 0 150 300 0 U Meters October 29, 2008 1793 i C h ra g urst Secondar y Plan Development Option D1 Legend Settlement Area Boundary s,.,,.J in Approved Official Plan I / m rn Develo ed A i p rea n Approved Official Plan z _ Settlement Area 0 Expansion Study Area Watercourse Corridor W, . ■ _ ■ - Wooded At ea a ' Mixed Use (6.93 ha.) New Development T`• (to equal 39 ha.) ~ m ty Comunity Park (4.46 ha.) Elementary School Site (2.0 ha. Nursing Home (1.18 ha.) ; t ~~,t- 4} O Neighbourhood Park (0.42 ha.) + I I 1 f I -EJ , 4 S1 , 3 Residential (29.50 ha.) Horseshoe Valley Road " " " . ° ° _ « . ° " A SWM (1.27 ha.) - _ mow Potential Collector Road I (Conceptual) woo Draft for Discussion I i ~ r i ~ A. r- ~ e s i ~ o! i > 0 150 300 c U Meters Note: 2,022 persons and jobs on 39 hectares would translate into 51.8 persons and jobs per hectare December 15, 2008 1793 C i h ra g urst Secondar y Pl an Development Option D2 Legend " Settlement Area Boundary ~ ...,L v- J in Approved Official Plan M Develo ed Area in p Approved Official Plan Settlement Area o OExpansion Study Area U Watercourse Corridor -raa - Wooded Area ■ • L~ ! - Mixed Use (6.93 ha.) e ' New Development ~ ■ O (to equal 39 ha.) - ® Community Park (4.32 ha.) - Elementar School Site (2 02 ha y . . m~ - Nursing Home (1.19 ha.) Nei hbourhood Park (0 42 ha ) I 7 7 . g . . 1 Q Residential (28.72 ha.) " " " _ _ -1 SWM (1.28 ha.) Horseshoe Valley Road 1 F- - Potential Collector Road (Conceptual) -y ~ Q v -e Draft for Discussion c 0 0 150 300 U Meters Note: 2,022 persons and jobs on 39 hectares i would translate into 51.8 persons and jobs per hectare December 15, 2008 1793 C i h ra g urst Secondar y Plan Development Option D3 Legend Settlement Area Boundary v,.,4 in Approved Official Plan M Develo ed Area in p -Approved Official Plan C Settlement Area o ~ w~ Expansion Study Area U Watercourse corridor Tr n Wooded Area , . ■ ■ _ Mixed Use (6 14 ha ) ° . . ~ ♦ ♦ New Development t l 39 h ( o equa a.) ® Community Park (4.22 ha.) --f-1 - Elementary School Site (2.11 ha. I r ; r Nursing Home (1.26 ha.) Neighbourhood Park (0.42 ha.) ♦ , tk {kti Residential (30.61 ha.) > " ° . ° " ° " . SWM (1.28 ha.) Horseshoe Valley Road m- Potential Collector Road (Conce tual) p Draft for Discussion tr M t' C 0 0 140 280 U Meters Note: 2,022 persons and jobs on 39 hectares would translate into 51.8 persons and jobs per hectare December 15, 2008 1793 C i h ra g urst Secondar y Plan Development Option D4 ' Legend - .;...r Settlement Area Boundary ~ i ~ J in Approved Official Plan h ~ ed Area in Develo o 'z p ■ Approved Official Plan c Settlement Area me Expansion Study Area = U i- Watercourse Corridor ~ j{ Wooded Area ■ Mixed Use (6.14 ha.) New Development (to equal 47 ha.) ~ "a= w ft'' + ® Community Park (3.72 ha.) 1 tt` ~ Elementary School Site (2.1 ha.) ~ ■ ®Nursing Home (1.2 ha.) ~ ■ ■ q-` _ Neighbourhood Park (0.42 ha.) ■ Residential (37.9 ha.) a Horseshoe Valley Road SWM (1.27 ha.) - - " ■ own ■ Potential Collector Road ■ (Conceptual) t Oti Draft for Discussion O) 0 0 150 300 0 U Meters Note: 2,022 persons and jobs on 47 hectares would translate into 43 persons and jobs per hectare December 15, 2008 1793 Totten Sims Hubicki Associates 10 High Street Barrie, Ontario, Canada L4N 1W1 (705) 721-9222 Fax: (705) 734-0764 E-mail: rgroves@tsh.ca www.tsh.ca TOWNSHIP OF ORO-MEDONTE CRAIGHURST SECONDARY PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY REPORT engineers architects planners APRIL 2008 TOWNSHIP OF ORO-MEDONTE CRAIGHURST SECONDARY PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY REPORT TSH Project No. 4400030637 Township of Oro-Medonte i Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Class Environmental Assessment (EA) Planning Process l 1.1.1 General .............................................................................................................................................1 1.1.2 Schedules A, B, or C ......................................................................................................................1 1.1.3 The Class Environment Assessment (EA) Phases ....................................................................1 1.1.4 Request for a Part II Order ............................................................................................................2 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 4 2.1 Introduction .4 2.2 Background .....................................................................................................................................4 2.2. 1 Work Program ..4 2.2. 2 Preferred Growth Option ..5 2.2. 3 Opportunities and Constraints to Development ..7 2.2.3.1 Water Supply ......................................................................................................................7 2.2.3.2 Sewage Treatment and Disposal ....................................................................................8 2.2.3.3 Stormwater Management .................................................................................................9 2.2.3.3 Transportation 9 2.3 Purpose of the Project 10 2.4 Problem Identification 10 2.5 Project Proponent 10 2.6 Project Location 10 3. DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES 11 3.1 Introduction 11 3.2 Possible Alternatives 12 3.2.1 Water Supply 12 3.2.1.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: 12 3.2.1.2 Alternative No. 2 - Draw more water from the existing wells: 12 3.2.1.3 Alternative No. 3 - Install additional wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer:..... 12 3.2.1.4 Alternative No. 4 - Install additional wells in the upper sand and gravel aquifer:..... 12 3.2.2 Water Storage 13 3.2.2.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing 13 3.2.2.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide local underground storage at new well sites 13 3.2.2.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide central underground storage for the new development 13 T1H Township of Oro-Medonte ii Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 3.2.2.3 Alternative No. 4 - Provide central above grade storage for the new development 13 3.2.2.4 Alternative No. 5 - Provide central elevated storage for the new development 14 3.2.3 Sewage Collection 14 3.2.3.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing 14 3.2.3.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide conventional gravity sewers 14 3.2.3.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide small bore sewers 14 3.2.3.4 Alternative No. 4 - Provide pressure sewers 15 3.2.4 Sewage Treatment and Disposal 15 3.2.4.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing 15 3.2.4.2 Alternative No. 2 - Subsurface disposal using individual tile beds 16 3.2.4.3 Alternative No. 3 - Subsurface disposal using communal sewage treatment syste m 16 3.2.4.4 Alternative No. 4 - Subsurface disposal using conventional wastewater treatment. 16 3.2.4.5 Alternative No. 5 - Surface disposal using advanced wastewater treatment 17 3.2.5. Stormwater Management 17 3.2.5.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing 17 3.2.5.2 Alternative No. 2 - Follow best management practice 17 3.2.5.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide stormwater management facilities 17 3.2.6 Transportation 18 3.2.6.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing 18 3.2.6.2 Alternative No. 2 - Upgrade the road network to suit the requirement of secondary plan 18 4. ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS 19 4.1 General 19 4.2 Water Supply, Storage and Distribution 19 4.2.1 Water Supply 19 4.2.1.1 Existing Supply 19 4.2.1.2 Future Demand 19 4.2.1.3 Well Locations 20 4.2.2 Water Storage 23 4.2.3 Water Distribution 24 4.3 Wastewater Collection, Treatment and Disposal 25 4.3.1 Wastewater Flows 25 4.3.2 Sewage Collection 27 4.3.3 Sewage Treatment and Disposal 27 4.3.4 Treatment Plant Location 30 4.4 Stormwater Management 33 4.4.1 Existing Conditions 33 4.4.1.1 Drainage Basins 33 4.4.1.2 Stormwater Management Facilities 35 4.4.1.3 Soils .35 4.4.2 Guidelines for future Stormwater Management ...............................................................36 4.4.3 Pre Development Stormwater Flows ...............................................................................36 4.4.4 Post Development Stormwater Management ..................................................................37 Township of Oro-Medonte iii Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 4.4.5 Stormwater Management Ponds .....................................................................................37 4.5 Transportation ...............................................................................................................................38 4.5.1 Road Definitions .............................................................................................................38 4.5.2 Existing Major Road Network ..........................................................................................38 4.5.3 Summary of Traffic Study ...............................................................................................39 5. SCREENING OF ALTERNATIVES 42 5.1 Introduction 42 5.2 Water Supply 42 5.2.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: 42 5.2.2 Alternative No. 2 -Draw more water from the existing wells: 42 5.2.3 Alternative No. 3 - Install additional wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer: 42 5.3 Water Storage 44 5.3.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: 44 5.3.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide Local Underground Storage: 44 5.3.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide Central Underground Storage: 45 5.3.4 Alternative No. 4 - Provide Central Above Grade Storage: 46 5.3.5 Alternative No. 5 - Provide Central Elevated Storage: 46 5.4 Sewage Collection 47 5.4.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: 47 5.4.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide conventional gravity sewers: 47 5.4.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide small bore sewers: 48 5.4.4 Alternative No. 4 - Provide pressure sewers: 48 5.5 Sewage Treatment and Disposal 49 5.5.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: 49 5.5.2 Alternative No. 2 - Subsurface disposal using individual septic systems 49 5.5.3 Alternative No. 3 - Subsurface disposal using communal Sewage treatment plant 50 5.5.4 Alternative No. 4 - Subsurface/Surface disposal using conventional wastewater treatment: 53 5.5.5 Alternative No. 5 - Surface disposal using advanced wastewater treatment 55 5.6 Stormwater Management 56 5.6.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing 56 5.6.2 Alternative No. 2 - Follow best management practice 56 5 .6.2.1 Source and Conveyance Controls 56 5 .6.2.2 Post Development Stormwater Management 57 5 .6.2.3 Erosion and sediment control during construction 57 UH Township of Oro-Medonte iv Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 5.6.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide stormwater management facilities 58 5.6.3.1 SWMF design criteria 60 5.7 Transportation 60 5.7.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing 60 5.7.2 Alternative No. 2 - Upgrade the road network to suit the requirement of secondary plan 6l 5.8 Potential Mitigative Measures 61 6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION .................................................................................................62 6.1 Introduction 62 6.2 Results of Public Consultation .....................................................................................................62 6.3 Major Areas of Concern 62 6.3.1 Costs of Services ............................................................................................................62 6.3.2 Environmental Concerns .................................................................................................62 6.3.3 Location of the Water and Sewage Treatment Facilities .................................................62 7. SELECTION OF PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE .................................................................63 8. ALTERNATE DESIGN CONCEPTS FOR THE PREFERRED SOLUTION ........................63 9. SELECTED DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS ......................................63 10. SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................63 Township of Oro-Medonte Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 - Secondary Plan Land Use Table 2.2 - Secondary Plan Population Table 4.1 - Local Factors Affecting Production Well Positioning Table 4.2 - Craighurst Drainage Basins Table 4.3 - Pre-Development Peak Flows Table 4.4 - Stormwater Pond/Basin Storage Volumes Table 5.1 - Subsurface Sewage Disposal - Municipal Facility with Potential Groundwater Impact Table 5.2 - Pre-Development Peak Flow Table 5.3 - Stormwater Pond/Basin Storage Volumes Pre-Development Peak . Flows Table 5.4 - Water Supply Table 5.5 - Water Storage Table 5.6 - Sewage Collection Table 5.7 - Sewage Treatment Table 5.8 - Stormwater Management LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A - Municipal Class EA Flow Chart Appendix B - Traffic Study LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 - Secondary Plan Area Figure 3.1 - Water Works Plan Figure 3.2 - Sewage Works Plan K:\0030637\Craighurst SP-ESR April 07.doc Township of Oro-Medonte Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Class Environmental Assessment (EA) Planning Process 1.1.1 General The Municipal Water and Wastewater Projects which are undertaken in Ontario are currently subject to the Municipal Engineers Association Class Environmental Assessment (MEA Class EA) as amended in 2007 process in order to meet the requirements of the Environmental Assessment Act of 1976. The flow chart in Appendix A.1 illustrates the process and phases considered essential for compliance with the requirements of the Act which are summarized below. Appendix A.2 depicts a Project Schedule for the required works for each component of the phased program. 1.1.2 Schedules A, B, or C Sewage and Water projects undertaken by Municipalities vary in their environmental impact depending on the extent and complexity of the required works. The various work schedules are described as follows: Schedule A: Projects which are minor in scale and have minimal adverse effects associated with them. Upon approval, these projects may proceed to implementation without following the Class EA planning process. Schedule B: These projects have the potential for some adverse environmental effects and the proponent must initiate the process of screening the project by undertaking mandatory contact with various agencies and the directly affected public. If there are no outstanding concerns, then the project may proceed to implementation. If, however, the screening process raises a concern which cannot be resolved, then a "Part II Order" procedure may be invoked; alternatively, the proponent may elect voluntarily to plan the project as a Schedule "C" undertaking. Schedule C: These projects have the potential for significant environmental effects and must proceed in full compliance with the Class EA planning process, and documentation procedures specified in the Class EA document. Schedule "C" projects require that an Environmental Study Report (ESR) be prepared and submitted for review by the public. If a concern is raised which cannot be resolved, the "Part II Order" procedure may be invoked. 1.1.3 The Class Environment Assessment (EA) Phases Phase 1: Identify the problem or deficiency in order to establish justification for the project. Township of Oro-Medonte 2 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Phase 2: Identify planning alternative solutions to the problem by taking into consideration existing environmental constraints, etc. Establish the preferred solution taking into account public and agency review and input. At the same time, identify approval requirements (i.e. Ontario Water Resources Act and the Environmental Protection Act (EPA)). Determine the appropriate schedule. Phase 3: Examine and evaluate alternative methods of design concepts of implementing the preferred solution, based upon the existing environment, public and government agency input, anticipated environmental effects and methods of minimizing negative effects and maximizing positive effects. Phase 4: Prepare and document in an Environmental Study Report (ESR) a summary of the rationale, and the planning, design and consultation process of the project as established through the above Phases and make such documentation available for review. Phase 5: Undertake design and complete contract drawings and documents and proceed to construction and operation etc. 1.1.4 Request for a Part II Order The Class EA Planning process allows provisions for the public or group to elevate the status of a project from Class EA process to make it subject to an individual environmental assessment. Such an action is called "Part II Order". Requests for "Part II Order" should address the following issues when making an appeal to the Minister of Environment and Energy (MOEE): • Environmental impacts of the project and their significance; • The availability of other alternatives to the project; • The adequacy of the public consultation program and the adequacy of the planning process; • Opportunities for public participation; • The involvement of the person/party in the planning of the project; • The nature of the specific concerns which remain unresolved; • Details of any discussions held between the person/party and the proponent; • The benefits of requiring the proponent to undertake an Individual Environmental Assessment; • Any other important matters considered relevant. In considering a request for a Part II Order, the Minister shall give consideration to the following issues: • Extent and nature of public concern; • Potential for significant adverse environmental effects; • Need for broader consideration of alternatives by the proponent; • Consideration of urgency; • Frivolous or vexatious nature of the request; TRH Township of Oro-Medonte 3 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report • Degree to which public consultation and dispute resolution have taken place throughout the planning Phases 1 to 4. Should a concern of a request be resolved by a proponent to the satisfaction of the requester, it is the responsibility of the requester to withdraw the request. Withdrawals should be in writing to the Minister with a copy forwarded to the proponent. For Schedule "B" projects, the person/party should bring the concern to the attention of the proponent in Phase 2 of the Class EA planning process and must make a written request to the Minister within the 30 calendar day review period after the Notice of Completion has been issued. For Schedule "C" projects the person/party with a concern should bring it to the attention of the proponent at any point during Phase 2 through Phase 4 of the Class EA planning process and must make a written request to the Minister of Environment and Energy within a 30-calendar day review period after the proponent has received public and agency input after the completion of Phase 2, and filed the ESR in the public record for public review and has issued the Notice of Completion after completion of Phase 4. UH Township of Oro-Medonte 4 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environrnentai StUdy Report 2. Project Description 2.1 Introduction The Township of Oro-Medonte has initiated a study, undertaken by Totten Sims Hubicki Associates, to determine preferred strategies to accommodate future development in the Community of Craighurst. This study will identify options and solutions for: • Upgrades to the existing domestic Water Supply; • The preferred means of Sewage Treatment and Disposal for new development; • Storm Water Management for new development; • Transportation constraints and improvements. 2.2 Background 2.2.1 Work Program To date the Study process has included: Activity Description • A number of PIC's have been held since 1999. 1. Public Information Centers (PIC) Last PIC was held November 13, 2007 and all previous Reports were reviewed and made available to the Public. • Reviews Provincial Policy Craighurst Secondary Plan - Phase 1 Reviews Oro-Medonte Official Plan as it pertains 2. Background Document Water Supply, to growth and servicing Provides an Inventory Assessment Sewage Disposal, Stormwater and Reviews existing services Transportation (August, 2000) • Reviews constraints and opportunities • Identifies servicing options • Addresses Natural Heritage component • Provides terrestrial and aquatic biological inventories • Provides recommendations for setbacks from 3 Final Phase 1 Environmental water courses Background Study (August, 2000) Identifies areas where development should not occur because of environmental significance • Identifies the significance of the recharge function of the Oro Moraine in maintaining the quality and quantity of base flow in cold water streams Craighurst Development Options (May, • Assesses development options including no 4. 2001) growth, development on private/partial services, and development on full municipal services T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 5 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The following is a description of the tasks that have yet to be completed: Activity Description 1. Draft Master Servicing Report • Detailed description of the services to be provided • Set Terms of Reference for Development 2. Draft Environmental Impact Study Applications • Recommend setbacks and buffers for Natural and Management Plan Heritage features and functions and enhancement where appropriate. 3. Public Consultation/Circulation • Presentation of the above draft documents for comment • Finalize Land Use Plan 4 Draft Secondary Plan and Final • Present Draft Policies Master Servicing Report . Presentation of Final Master Servicing Plan • Statutory Public Meetings 5 Finalization of Secondary Plan & . Council Approval adoption of Plan Studies commenced on the Craighurst Secondary Plan Area in 1999. In the spring of 2001 progress on the Secondary Plan was put on hold while land use planning issues on the Oro Moraine (upon which Craighurst flanks) were addressed. These studies are relevant with respect to the hydrogeological characterization of the Moraine and the identification of natural heritage features adjacent to the Secondary Plan Area. 2.2.2 Preferred Growth Option As a result of screening by the Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority (NVCA) and the County of Simcoe based on the Background Study, the Secondary Plan Study area was reduced to approximately 160 hectares and covers the geographic area shown on Figure 2.1. Existing development in Craighurst consists of approximately 90 single detached residences and four apartment dwellings. There is one community hall, two churches, one gas station, two vehicle repair shops, a grocery and Liquor store, two restaurants and a chocolate factory. The balance of the lands is predominantly vacant with some lands being used for field crops. The basis for the development of the Master Servicing Plan is the concept prepared by Meridian shown on Figure 2.2. This Plan illustrates the major street pattern to support the land use pattern options for the Secondary Plan area. The Township Official Plan indicates that the preferred method of servicing in Craighurst is on the basis of full municipal services. However, it is recognized that all options have to be considered in this regard, and the preferred design alternatives established. UH Township of Oro-Medonte 6 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Previous planning reports prepared by the Township have identified full municipal services as the most effective method to service the desired intensity of new growth. Notwithstanding these reports, this report does consider a 'do nothing' approach as well, with this 'do nothing' approach providing for little or no development as a consequence. The following is an estimate of future land use based on the municipal servicing option. Note that an existing industrial area is included in the future employment land use. For the purposes of this study, development phasing is expected to occur at 75 homes per year. Table 2.1 summarizes the development land use under secondary plan. Table 2.1 Secondary Plan Land Use Land Use Area (ha) Develo ment p Sectors Hazard Residential Commercial Active Passive School Land/Green Total Parks Parks Space/ SWM Existing Development 34 7 48 North Quadrant 40 1 4 5 8 58 South 36 2 1 6 51 Quadrant Total 110 9 2 4 5 14 160 The developable land available for residential and commercial lots excludes lands needed for schools, churches, parks, environmental lands, stormwater facilities, etc. Table 2.2 summarizes the estimated future population for the Secondary Plan Area. Population is based on 3 persons per unit. T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 7 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Table 2.2 Secondary Plan Population D l Residential eve opment Sectors Area No. of Residences Population School Students Existing Development 34 94 282 North Quadrant 40 400 1,200 540 South Quadrant 36 300 900 11 Total 794 2,382 540 To provide a variety for residential market selection the proposed residential land use mix is as follows: 30% -18 meter frontage 30% -15 meter frontage 30% -12 meter frontage 10% - multi-residential townhouse/semi-detached Based on the net developable area available for residential development (76 hectares), the density of future residential development would be 9.2 units per hectare, if full municipal services were provided, and if no more than 700 new units were constructed. This density is significantly less than typical new development in the City of Barrie. It is recognized that the density of development could be increased and that less land area would be required as a result. This issue will be explored further in the context of the land use planning analysis. An additional commercial allocation of 50,000 square feet (5,000 mz) is also proposed in the Secondary Plan. An elementary school with a capacity for about 540 students and one Place of Worship are also proposed. The ability of the Secondary Plan Area to support new development as set out in Table 2.2 would be significantly affected if the development did not proceed on the basis of full municipal services. 2.2.3 Opportunities and Constraints to Development The opportunities and constraints to development with respect to each major servicing item are discussed below. 2.2.3.1 Water Supply The existing source of water supply for the Community of Craighurst is the lower sand aquifer which is regionally extensive and offers a high potential for providing a long term safe yield and secure water quality. Based on a conservative projection of the capture UH Township of Oro-Medonte 8 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report zone for the Community of Craighurst, a groundwater source from the lower aquifer could supply potable water for the projected 900 households. New wells and storage facilities are required to serve the residential demands of about 800 units and about 31 equivalent units of non-residential development for 9 ha commercial and about 5 ha of institutional development. The existing water system is designed for about 166 people or 55 units and 2.1 hectares of commercial development or about 65 equivalent units. Therefore the future water system needs to service about: 831 total future - 65 existing = 766 equivalent units The existing system includes three wells with a combined capability of 352 L/min. Four centrifugal high lift pumps provide system pressure to the distribution system piping. A 112 m3 underground storage reservoir provides sufficient storage to meet maximum day domestic water with a minimum of fire flow protection. 2.2.3.2 Sewage Treatment and Disposal At this time there is no communal sanitary sewage treatment as all existing development is currently serviced with individual septic systems. The selection of the preferred location of a municipal sewage treatment plant is dictated by many factors that must be considered including the integration of the design of the gravity collection piping and the choice or location of the discharge of the final effluent. Sewage treatment is an integration of the collection of the raw sewage from the development area, the treatment of the raw sewage to produce a final effluent to a level established by the Ministry of the Environment and the disposal of the final effluent back into the natural environment. The final effluent may be either directly or indirectly discharged to a surface water body or discharged to the native soils with a subsurface design. Treatment options capable of meeting the discharge constraints include primary biological treatment utilizing one of many available and currently accepted technologies and/or tertiary treatment with filters that then discharge to the final effluent process. The discharge of the final effluent to a surface water body must consider many factors such as effluent temperature, the chemical and biochemical characteristics of the final effluent, the quantity of the water discharged and the ability of the receiving water body to accept the forgoing parameters. The down gradient hydraulic boundary, which in this case is the Matheson Creek and its tributaries, are considered as a coldwater fish habitat. Therefore, any direct surface water discharge from a sewage treatment facility must cool the effluent and ensure that the discharge parameters of concern are within acceptable limits. It is significant to note that surface water discharge must be addressed in the context of the Assimilative Capacity Studies (ACS), NVCA, 2006, because of potential effects of elevated nutrient discharges, and the assimilative capacity of the Nottawasaga River UH Township of Oro-Medonte 9 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report basin and tributaries. An additional localized study (subsequent to the Willow Creek Watershed Study of 2001) may be required to supplement the ACS for the Willow Creek subwatershed, as there was insufficient data received by the Willow Creek gauging, quality and calibration station during the Study period, for the creek to be included in the detailed analysis. Results and recommendations for the Matheson Creek subwatershed, which includes the Willow Creek subcatchment, are provided in the ACS. In summary, the Assimilatimve Capacity Study (2006) indicated that the Matheson Creek watershed is currently designated as Unimpaired and meets Provincial Water Quality Objectives (PWQO). Matheson Creek is the only Nottawasaga River subwatershed that falls into this category. As a result, Target Setting Strategy "A" has been applied to the watershed, to maintain unimpaired water quality and meet PWQO. Surface water discharge for treated effluent to the Willow Creek watershed would need to determine if there is any remaining capacity to accept any discharge from development. It may be that the level of treatment of communal sewage and the preferred mode of disposal options will be constrained by the limitations imposed on the down gradient receiving water bodies, Willow Creek, Matheson Creek and the Nottawasaga River. 2.2.3.3 Stormwater Management It has been identified that there are six drainage basins that fall within the Secondary Plan Study area and four have continuously flowing and/or intermittent watercourses. It has been mandated that all identified watercourses be protected or buffered from development with up to a 60 meter wide corridor. It is felt that the buffer is adequate in terms of flood zone protection for lands lying upstream of the CPR. Native soils are conducive to the design of storm water management techniques that utilize infiltration techniques to average stormwater for base flow maintenance and surface runoff quality control. Where stormwater design analysis conclude that quantity control facilities are deemed necessary, the quantity and quality control facility must be situated within the proposed development, typically at the most downstream location, before discharging into the receiving watercourse. 2.2.3.3 Transportation The intersection of County Road 22 (Horseshoe Valley Road) and County Road 93 (Penetanguishene Road) is the hub of the Craighurst Community. Both roads are considered to be County arterial roads. Horseshoe Valley Road serves as a connecting link between Highway 11/12 and Highway 26. Penetanguishene Road is a local arterial road that provides an alternate north/south route to Highway 400. Since Horseshoe Valley Road provides a higher level of service than Penetanguishene Road, the amount of entrances to Horseshoe Valley Road should be kept to a minimum. In addition, other considerations such as, commercial activities, delays at the CPR crossing and delays at the County Road intersection will require mitigating measures such as road widening through the Community, and establishing alternate routes to access Highway 400. Township of Oro-Medonte 10 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Road or rail upgrades by other agencies for County roads, Highway 400 or the CPR rail are not scheduled within the foreseeable future. Transportation upgrades needed for development on County Roads 22 and 93 will be done by the County. The cost-share for the development of the County road work could be paid through a County Development Charge. 2.3 Purpose of the Project The Township of Oro-Medonte through its Official Plan directs new development within the Municipality to existing settlement areas, including Craighurst. In response to existing development pressures in the Craighurst area, the Township has initiated preparation the Secondary Plan to guide future growth within the community. This Environmental Assessment was initiated in conjunction with the planning process, to meet the requirements of the current legislation and to document the process to be followed to identify the preferred alternative solution to providing upgrades to the Water Supply, Sewage Disposal, Stormwater Management and Transportation in order to accommodate the secondary development plan for the community of Craighurst. 2.4 Problem Identification The problem identification for this Class Environmental Assessment is as follows: • Upgrade the Water Supply System to accommodate existing and future development in the Craighurst Settlement area. • Promote community wastewater treatment and disposal of the final effluent. • Upgrade the Stormwater Management and Transportation Systems to accommodate existing and future development in the Craighurst Settlement area. • Review the existing traffic flow and road network and the impact of future development with solution to any problems. 2.5 Project Proponent The proponent of this project is the Township of Oro-Medonte. 2.6 Project Location The secondary plan area in settlement of Craighurst is located around the intersection of Simcoe County Roads 22 and 93, East of Highway 400 as shown in Figure 2.2. T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 11 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 3. DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES 3.1 Introduction The procedures to be followed in this Class Environmental Assessment are set out in the "Municipal Class Environmental Assessment" Document published by the Municipal Engineers Association, June 2000 as amended in 2007 In accordance with that Document, the proposed undertaking corresponds to Project Schedule 2 of the Schedule "C" Projects: As such, the undertaking is considered to constitute a Schedule "C" project and the activity is subject to the full planning process of the Class EA. The planning process will therefore follow a phased approach as shown in the flow chart included in the MEA Class EA Document. (See Appendix "A"). A minimum of three mandatory public contacts are required for Schedule "C" projects. Integral to the planning process is the adoption of alternatives to correct the noted deficiencies. The alternatives presented in this section are a broad range of potential solutions to address the problem of upgrading the water supply, sewage disposal, stormwater management and transportation systems for all lands within the study area. With the exception of Alternative 1 - Do Nothing, the alternatives will require the installation of servicing within designated servicing corridors, generally on public lands. In addition, there is potential for either upgrading the existing facilities or construction of new ones. Purchase of land for new facilities on a new site may be required. The following Sections 3.2 and 3.3 take the position that that if development proceeds it will occur on the basis of full services. Development on full services is the method of servicing preferred by Provincial policy, followed by individual water and sewage. Partial services, municipal water with individual sewage disposal, is the least preferred method of servicing new development. A partial servicing scenario would not allow development to proceed at the same scale as full servicing and in addition, the expansion of partial services is strongly discouraged by Provincial policy. Development on partial services, with individual septic systems would be limited by Reasonable Use Guidelines, which limits the nitrate content of groundwater downstream of development. Depending on local subsurface conditions and aquifer flow, development density would be limited to 1 or 2 residences per hectare. The following is a summary of planning alternatives to address the problem statement. These alternatives will be discussed in further detail in Section 4. VH Township of Oro-Medonte 12 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 3.2 Possible Alternatives 3.2.1 Water Supply Reasonable alternatives for upgrades for the supply of potable water for the Craighurst Secondary Plan include the following: Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Alternative No. 2 - Draw more water from the existing wells Alternative No. 3 - Install additional wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer Alternative No. 4 - Install additional wells in the upper sand and gravel aquifer A summary of the above noted Alternatives are presented in the following paragraphs. Figure 3.1 depicts existing and possible well locations. 3.2.1.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: The Do Nothing alternative would leave the existing pumping station in operation and not expand the water system beyond the current serviced area. 3.2.1.2 Alternative No. 2 - Draw more water from the existing wells: This alternative involves upgrading the existing water pumping station to include additional pump/s in order to draw more water from the existing wells to meet projected water demands. The current maximum demand is 233 M3 /d where as the existing three wells have a current combined capacity of 507 M3 /d. With a combined permit to draw water @ 523 M3 /d, additional 290 M3 /d of water can be drawn from the existing wells. 3.2.1.3 Alternative No. 3 - Install additional wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer: This alternative involves installation of two new wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer in addition to the existing wells at Craighurst Estates. Preliminary investigations have shown that this aquifer has a potential long term safe yield of more than 450,000 m3/year. This means that the lower ground aquifer can serve 2,740 persons per day @450 Ipcd, which translates to 913 residential units @ 3 persons per unit. The new well systems would be connected to the system at Craighurst Estates. Additional pumps to draw water from the new wells and watermains to connect the new wells to the existing wells would be required. Apart from that storage tanks for providing storage for fire flow, equalization and emergency storage will have to be provided to implement this alternative. 3.2.1.4 Alternative No. 4 - Install additional wells in the upper sand and gravel aquifer: This alternative involves installation of two new wells in the upper sand and gravel aquifer in addition to the existing wells at Craighurst Estates. With a long term safe yield of 375,000 M3 /year, the upper ground aquifer has a potential of serving 2,280 persons per day @450 Ipcd, which translates to 760 residential units @ 3 persons per unit. The new well systems would be connected to the system at Craighurst Estates. Additional pumps to draw water from the new wells and watermains to connect the new Township of Oro-Medonte 13 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report wells to the existing wells would be required. Apart from that storage tank/s for providing storage for fire flow, equalization and emergency storage will have to be provided to implement this alternative. 3.2.2 Water Storage Reasonable alternatives for upgrades for the storage of potable water for the Craighurst Settlement Area include the following: Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Alternative No. 2 - Provide local underground storage at new well sites Alternative No. 3 - Provide central underground storage for the new development Alternative No. 4 - Provide central above grade storage for the new development Alternative No. 5 - Provide central elevated storage for the new development Figure 3.1 shows possible locations for reservoirs. 3.2.2.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing The Do Nothing alternative does not address the problem of storage for equalization, maximum day demand and fire demand and thus would render the water supply system inadequate to serve the secondary plan area. Hence this alternative does not allow secondary development to be implemented. 3.2.2.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide local underground storage at new well sites This option would entail two underground concrete storage reservoirs constructed underground, at the two well sites. Variable speed high lift pumps would have to be provided for maintaining the desired pressure for instantaneous flows. In addition, booster pumps for peak hour flows, fire flow pump and a standby power generator for power backup for the pumps would be required. 3.2.2.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide central underground storage for the new development This option is similar to the above option except that instead of two local storage reservoirs only one central underground reservoir would be required in this alternative. Variable speed high lift pumps would have to be provided for maintaining the desired pressure for instantaneous flows. In addition, booster pumps for peak hour flows, fire flow pump and a standby power generator for power backup for the pumps would be required. However booster pumps and fire pump would be required only at one location as opposed to two in case of local underground storage alternative. 3.2.2.3 Alternative No. 4 - Provide central above grade storage for the new development This option is also similar to alternative 3 except that the reservoir would be a storage tank at grade. Variable speed high lift pumps would have to be provided for maintaining the desired pressure for instantaneous flows. In addition, booster pumps for peak hour flows, fire flow pump and a standby power generator for power backup for the pumps would be required. T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 14 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 3.2.2.4 Alternative No. 5 - Provide central elevated storage for the new development This option would involve construction of a centrally located elevated reservoir. The elevated reservoir could be of concrete or steel. Central elevated storage will receive disinfected well water directly from the well. The weight of the water in the elevated storage tank will provide domestic and fire flow pressures for the entire Secondary Plan area. This option obviates the requirement of having high lift pumps. Further, as the well pumps have to lift the water to the level of elevated reservoir, pressurized disinfection contact time is provided at the well location. This allows the disinfected well water to be pumped directly to the distribution system. 3.2.3 Sewage Collection Reasonable alternatives for upgrades for the storage of potable water for the Craighurst Settlement Area include the following: Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Alternative No. 2 - Provide conventional gravity sewers Alternative No. 3 - Provide small bore sewers Alternative No. 4 - Provide pressure sewers Figure 3.2 presents a potential sewer system layout. 3.2.3.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing The Do Nothing alternative does not provide any method for collection of sewage for its treatment and final disposal. This option would not implement the preferred servicing solution for Craighurst in the Official Plan. 3.2.3.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide conventional gravity sewers This alternative involves providing a conventional wastewater collection system that would transport sewage from homes or other sources by gravity flow through buried piping systems to a central treatment facility in the Craighurst settlement. These systems are usually reliable and consume no power. However, the slope requirements to maintain adequate flow by gravity may require deep excavations in hilly or flat terrain, as well as the addition of sewage pump stations, which can significantly increase the cost of conventional collection systems. Manholes and other sewer appurtenances would also have to be provided which would add substantially to the overall cost of this system. 3.2.3.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide small bore sewers The small-bore system is a gravity sewer that requires interceptor tanks at the head of the sewer to prevent gross solids entering the sewer. The settling that first occurs in the septic tank eliminates most of the solid matter from the wastewater. This enables the collection pipes to have a smaller diameter and a more gradual incline. UH Township of Oro-Medonte Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 15 The pipes used are made of light weight plastic and can be buried at a relatively shallow depth. Manholes are not required for small diameter gravity systems; instead, clean out ports are used to service collector pipes. A household that already has a septic tank can therefore readily connect to a small-bore system. Households that do not have a septic tank will first have to construct a tank which may make the cost similar to the conventional gravity sewer system. Hence this option would require all residential and non residential units in the Craighurst secondary plan area to construct individual septic tanks. Also, depending on the topography of the terrain, a sewage pumping station may also be required. 3.2.3.4 Alternative No. 4 - Provide pressure sewers Pressure sewers utilize the force supplied by pumps, which deliver the wastewater to the system from each property. Since pressure sewers do not rely on gravity, the systems network of piping can be laid in very shallow trenches that follow the contour of the land. This system would require provision of combinations of septic tank and effluent pumps. Pressure sewers utilize septic tanks to settle out the solids - thus allowing use of extremely small diameter piping. The effluent pump delivers the wastewater to the sewer pipes and provides the necessary pressure to move it through the system. Provision and maintenance of septic tank and the effluent pumps would be the responsibility of the unit owners. In addition, this system has to be installed with high water alarms. Because of the addition of the pumps, pressure sewers tend to require more operation and maintenance than small diameter gravity sewers. Operators can usually be hired on a part time basis, as long as someone is on call at all times. Operators will need training on both the plumbing and electrical aspects of the system. 3.2.4 Sewage Treatment and Disposal Reasonable alternatives for sewage treatment and disposal for the Craighurst Settlement Area include the following: Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Alternative No. 2 - Subsurface disposal using individual tile beds Alternative No. 3 - Subsurface disposal using communal tile beds Alternative No. 4 - Subsurface disposal using conventional wastewater treatment Alternative No. 5 - Surface disposal using advanced wastewater treatment A summary of the above noted Alternatives are presented in the following paragraphs. Figure 3.2 shows possible locations for sewage treatment plants and disposal beds. 3.2.4.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing The Do Nothing alternative does not provide any method for disposal of sewage and hence does not allow secondary development to be implemented. 0 Township of Oro-Medonte 16 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 3.2.4.2 Alternative No. 2 - Subsurface disposal using individual tile beds This alternative involves each individual residential unit to have its own on-site septic tank and tile bed system for subsurface disposal of effluent. This would entail collecting raw sewage of a residential unit in an individual on-site septic tank followed by subsurface disposal of the settled effluent through a tile bed facility. Existing development has been supported by similar individual conventional Class IV subsurface sewage systems. 3.2.4.3 Alternative No. 3 - Subsurface disposal using communal sewage treatment system This alternative involves subsurface sewage systems comprising a centralized communal sewage treatment system. This would entail provision of a sanitary sewer system for sewage collection along with a treatment system comprising of but not limited to one of the following: • Peat/biofilters • Recirculation sand filters • Large communal tile beds Depending on the location of the sewage treatment plant and topography of the terrain a sewage pumping station might also be required. It is also likely that land acquisition would be required for the new sewage treatment plant and/or sewage pumping station. Land for subsurface disposal through communal tile beds would be provided within each subdivision as development proceeds. These lands would be conveyed to the Township. Acquisition of land for tile beds would only be required if a suitable location within the development is not available. 3.2.4.4 Alternative No. 4 - Subsurface disposal using conventional wastewater treatment This alternative involves treatment of raw sewage in a centralized conventional wastewater treatment plant followed by subsurface disposal of the treated effluent. This would entail provision of a sanitary sewer system for sewage collection along with a treatment system comprising of but not limited to one of the following: • Activated sludge process with denitrification • Sequential batch reactors (SBR) with denitrification • Rotating Biological Contactors (RBC) with denitrification Depending on the location of the sewage treatment plant and topography of the terrain a sewage pumping station might also be required. It is also likely that land acquisition would be required for the new sewage treatment plant and/or sewage pumping station. Land for subsurface disposal through communal tile beds would be provided within each development as development proceeds. These lands would be conveyed to the Township. Acquisition of land for tile beds would only be required if a suitable location within the development is not available. UH Township of Oro-Medonte 17 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 3.2.4.5 Alternative No. 5 - Surface disposal using advanced wastewater treatment This alternative entails collection of raw sewage in a sanitary sewer system and treatment in a centralized advanced wastewater treatment plant consisting of Membrane Bioreactors, followed by surface disposal of the treated effluent. Depending on the location of the sewage treatment plant and topography of the terrain a sewage pumping station might also be required. It is also likely that land acquisition would be required for the new sewage treatment plant and/or sewage pumping station. 3.2.5. Stormwater Management Reasonable alternatives for upgrades for the stormwater management of Craighurst Secondary Plan Area include the following: Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Alternative No. 2 - Follow best management practice Alternative No. 3 - Provide stormwater management facilities A summary of the above noted alternatives are presented in the following paragraphs. Catchment areas and drainage directions are shown on Figure 3.3. 3.2.5.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing The Do Nothing alternative does not provide any method for treatment or quantity control of stormwater and hence does not allow secondary development to be implemented. 3.2.5.2 Alternative No. 2 - Follow best management practice Best management practice for stormwater management involves taking measures that increase infiltration, reduce post-development peak flow and erosion, and enhance water quality. This would entail measures like provision of Grassed swales along road, vegetated buffer strips where practical especially alongside roadways in the vicinity of stream crossings and construction of artificial ponds for detention of runoff etc. 3.2.5.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide stormwater management facilities This alternative would involve provision of stormwater management facilities comprising - stormwater management ponds, curbs, gutters, sewers, manholes catch basins etc. The drainage basins in the Craighust settlement including the secondary plan area is divided into 8 areas from A to H for planning and provision of stormwater management ponds Figure 3.3. Out of these, areas D and E lie in the existing development areas and already have stormwater management ponds in them. Six new Level 1 quality ponds in areas, A, B, C, F and G would be required for post development storage and management of stormwater. Permanent pool storage volumes are to be based on impervious ratio and drainage area. Final actual volumes should be obtained through detailed hydrologic model undertaken at the functional servicing plan, Um Township of Oro-Medonte 18 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report or detailed design stages. The active storages shall include extended detention storage for erosion control, and quantity control storage for each design storm (2 to 100 year). Drainage area "H" with an area less than five hectares would be provided with an infiltration basin or dry pond since the area is too small to sustain a wet pond according to NVCA Wet Pond Criteria. 3.2.6 Transportation Reasonable alternatives for upgrades for the transportation network within the Craighurst Secondary Plan Area include the following: Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Alternative No. 2 - Upgrade the road network to suit the requirement of secondary plan 3.2.6.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing The Do Nothing alternative does not provide for accommodation of post secondary development traffic growth. 3.2.6.2 Alternative No. 2 - Upgrade the road network to suit the requirement of secondary plan This alternative involves providing additional lanes on arterial roads to facilitate smooth movement of the increased traffic. Apart from that, provision of dedicated left turn lanes, provision of an advance green signals for dedicated left turns, queue storage and additional approach lanes to railways would also have to be provided. Further, upgrades to transportation infrastructure including - extension of existing right of ways and provision of urban cross sections for storm sewers and gutters. Township of Oro-Medonte 19 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 4. ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS 4.1 General This section provides a detailed discussion and assessment of alternative solutions presented in Section 3. 4.2 Water Supply, Storage and Distribution A water system consists of a raw water supply source with pumps that discharge directly to the consumer or to storage, water quality treatment systems, water storage either above or below ground, high pressure pumps that discharge to the distribution system pipe network and provide domestic water and or fire protection. 4.2.1 Water Supply Water supply is typically either from secure ground water wells or a surface water body. An alternative is the purchase of potable water from an outside location. There is no opportunity to utilize surface water as a source of water or to purchase water from an outside agency or Municipality. 4.2.1.1 Existing Supply The Craighurst Estates Water Works system has a current capability to supply about 55 units residential and about 10 equivalent units for commercial development (400 Ipcd). In terms of water demands the system is designed for Average Day Demand of 77.8 m3/d, Maximum Day Demand of 233 M3 /d, peak hour demand of 6.6 L/s, and a fire demand of 16.6 L/s over 2 hours. The system is limited in terms of providing additional capacity. Apart from the Craighurst Estate water wells, there are approximately 110 existing individual wells within the study area. 4.2.1.2 Future Demand Institutional demand Church - _70 seats @8 L per seat: 0.56 M3 /d School -_540 students @ 30 L/day and 4 staff @ 50 L/day: 16.4 M3 /d Commercial demand - .5,000 m2 @ 5 L/m2 : 25 M3 /d Total Non-residential demand: 42 M3 /d Non-Residential Equivalent Population @ 450 L/day: 93 people Non-Residential Equivalent Units @ 3 people/unit: 31 units Residential Development is expected in two phases: Phase I north of Horseshoe Valley Road: 400 Units TM Township of Oro-Medonte 20 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Phase 2 south of Horseshoe Valley Road: 300 Units Future Equivalent Units 31 Units Future Equivalent Residential Units: 731 Units Existing Development: 94 Units Total Equivalent Residential Units: 825 Units As per MOE Guidelines, a residential demand of 450 liters per capita per day (Ipcd) is normally used to calculate residential water demands in urban areas. It is very common to see historical water records for domestic usage in Simcoe County with a water consumption of 400 litres per capita per day. This has been attributed to the use of low flush toilets and water saving devices of the environmentally aware consumers. For the purpose of this assessment the total future average day water demand is established as (994 M3 /d), say 1,000 M3 /d. 4.2.1.3 Well Locations The preferred location for advancing new wells is predicated on the hydrogeology data from historical data for the available sites. The availability of suitable property can be a limiting factor as site topography and the associated existing land use may impose restrictions on either the location of the well or future development. Locating new wells away from the preferred storage facilities provides an engineering challenge but does not preclude this concept from consideration. The advancement of a municipal grade well at the best site for a water source well is always given serious consideration during a drilling program. The phased approach and sequence of development within the settlement area may present limitations on the availability of well sites. Potential areas of access to the lower aquifer include: 1. The Snider well (MOE Well No.18 14), which taps into a sand and gravel unit approximately 20 meters thick at 70 meters depth. This well is close to the Cemetery. 2. An extensive sand aquifer of approximately 50 meters thick under artesian conditions found commencing at 25 meters depth in the vicinity of MOE Well No. 11090, which is located on the west side of the CPR west of the Craighurst Estates subdivision. This Well location is close to a potential wastewater discharge area. 3. An extensive gravel aquifer of unknown thickness and encountered at relatively shallow depths of between 25 and 50 meters confined by clay and till south of County Road 22. Other local factors that must be considered when positioning a production well, including the location of supply wells outside of the Secondary Plan area and potential sources of contamination to the water supply. Table 4.1 summarizes local issues with respect to production well positioning. 0 Township of Oro-Medonte 21 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Table 4.1 Local Factors Affecting Production Well Positioning Item Concern Discussion Highway 400 is an area where there is an upward Highway 400 Chlorides & sodium hydraulic gradient; as a result, the road salt is washed from road salt away to surface water because of the upward hydraulic gradient of groundwater flow. Salting levels are lower than Highway 400, however, County Roads 22 there is a downward hydraulic gradient and the and 93 Chlorides & sodium potential for salt contamination to the upper aquifer from road salt exists. The lower aquifer is protected by surface contamination due to it being confined by clay and till layers. The Presbyterian Cemetery is located beside the Snider Well, and the Anglican Cemetery is located on Cemeteries Various contaminants County Road 93 south of County Road 22. In both instances the lower aquifer is protected by overlying clay and till layers. Existing livestock operation located south of SE Active Livestock Various contaminants quadrant. As described above, the clay and till layers that overly the lower aquifer protects it from contamination b surface sources. Existing development is supported by individual Subsurface Sewage Nitrates & biological septic systems. As described above, the clay and till Disposal contamination layers that overly the lower aquifer protects it from contamination b surface sources. Those areas outside of the Secondary Plan relying on groundwater supply include several residences Surrounding Wells Interference fronting County Roads 22 and 93, and estate residential development located 1.0 km to the southeast. There is adequate supply to provide water to existing development as well as new development. However, to avoid complaints of drawdown Surrounding Wells Interference interference, the production well should be removed from adjacent concentrated development to the southeast b at least 1.0 km. It is preferable to locate the production well in close proximity to the storage facility. If elevated storage is Proximity to Storage Reduced piping desired then the well should be situated at the highest Facilities point of land which would place it somewhere in the east quadrant. However, other constraints may dictate an alternate location. The Secondary Plan development areas are split into Phasing of Financing three district units, the North Quadrant, South Development Quadrant and Existing Development. It may be desirable to initial) service each area inde endentl . IM Township of Oro-Medonte 22 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Table 4.1 Local Factors Affecting Production Well Positioning Sufficient area around the Well head (50 meters diameter) should be provided to ensure surface Well Head Protection sources of contaminants cannot migrate down the Source Protection and Source Protection well overtime (i.e. well casing annulus). Source water protection legislation and stewardship by the NVCA is expected to address source water protection concerns. Since it is desirable that development of the North and the South Quadrant of the Secondary Planning Area proceed consecutively, it is feasible to implement potable groundwater supply sources as follows: 1. Continue to use the Craighurst Estates water supply systems 2. No change for existing development at the outset. 3. Construct test wells to determine well and aquifer yield. 4. Construct storage for 1,855 m3 or as confirmed by potential water supply from well tests. 5. Develop a production well in the North Quadrant at the north limit of the Passive Park, extending services to existing development not serviced by the Craighurst Estates Water Works and fill the new storage reservoir. 6. Develop a second production well, located in the southern section of the Secondary Plan area east of the CPR, in the active Community Park, to service those areas that cannot be serviced by the above, and the area within the South Quadrant. 7. Interconnect the three water supply systems by connecting trunk water mains to service the entire Secondary Plan Area. The number of wells for each location is dependent on the ability of each well to meet the projected theoretical demands. Extensive long duration 72 hour pump tests are required to determine the feasibility of utilizing a new well to produce an acceptable yield. Extensive water quality chemical testing is undertaken to verify that the source water is acceptable to meet the provincial requirements for potable water. Permit to Take Water Regulations are changing and all applications are extensively reviewed by the Ministry of the Environment. There is an existing Permit to Take Water in Craighurst and any additional potable water wells would require an amendment and reissue of the existing permit. All water taking over 50,000 litres per day is monitored, and permits are issued with many restriction. However, Permits to Take Water are still reviewed and issued by the MOE on a first come first serve basis. Since the Township encourages development to occur in settlement areas such as Craighurst, it is not anticipated that there will be any issues on the issue of an amendment to the Permit to Take Water. The historical hydrogeology for water supply in this location suggests that there is more than a sufficient source of ground water to realize the proposed development in the southern portion of the Secondary Plan in the future. However, test wells with quantity and quality testing should be completed as T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 23 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report early as possible to confirm a sufficient water supply is available to fully develop the area and consider other development applications in the aquifer recharge area. 4.2.2 Water Storage Craighurst Estates Water system has a current storage capacity of 112 m3 provided by a below grade reservoir. Installation of new source water well system for the secondary plan area would then require the construction of additional water storage. Water storage is required to provide, contact time, equalization storage, fire protection storage and emergency use storage. With fire protection storage a function of the total volume of water to be designed into a system it is necessary to discuss the level of fire protection within the serviced area. The level of fire protection is controlled by the Municipality with the Ministry of the Environment Guidelines suggesting the fire flow requirements based upon population. The minimum currently accepted fire flow is 38 liters per second at 140 kPa pressure at every fire hydrant within the distribution system. The second consideration for fire protection is the ability to provide at the discretion of the Municipality additional fire flow to meet the specific requirements of individual developments in commercial or employment areas. It is sometimes mandated by fire Underwriters that specific fire flow and pressures be available. It is often standard practice that on site supplemental water storage and booster fire pumps be employed to meet the site specific requirements of the Fire Underwriters. With the population of the serviced area predicted by the number of available lots it is suggested at this time that the level of fire protection be established at 110 litres per second. MOE guidelines require 25% maximum day equalization storage, fire protection for two hours at 110 L/sec, and 25% of the total storage for emergency at the existing storage. Total storage required for the Secondary Plan area would be: Fire 110 L/sec for two hours = 792 m3 Equalization 2,768 M3 /d x 25% = 692 m3 Emergency @ 25% = 371 m3 Total Storage = 1,855m3 Chlorine Contact time for 15 minutes (typical) = 29 m3 The topography within the identified Secondary Plan area and the corresponding analysis of any pressure drop due to elevation differences concludes that the distribution water piping network can be serviced within one pressure zone. Consequently, additional booster pumping facilities will not be required to create more than one pressurized zone. Storage options for potable and fire protection can consist of either a central storage facility or one or more local or nodal storage reservoirs. The final selection of a storage Township of Oro-Medonte 24 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report system can also be dependent on development phasing. Central storage can be constructed in phases as mandated by phased development but at a premium of initial capital cost. The problem with the anticipated development within the secondary plan is that is not possible to predict which area will be approved and go to construction first. This mandates that the location of a expansion to the water system may be driven by which developer chooses to go to market first. The options for the location of a water treatment and storage facility are firstly existing Municipal property, secondly the purchase of property at a preferred location and thirdly the allocation of land within an identified settlement area. The latter although preferred, limits the choice of a central facility given the unknown as to the sequence of development. Water storage reservoirs can be either constructed in ground, at grade or elevated on a structural pedestal. Each design offers individual advantages or disadvantages that must be considered on a site by site review. Underground or grade level storage is typically less expensive than elevated storage and allows the option of limited construction phasing. Some storage is also necessary for disinfection contact time, pump cycling, peak hour and instantaneous water demands 4.2.3 Water Distribution The entire Secondary Plan can be serviced within one pressure zone. As such, water distribution mains should be directly interconnected between the various development areas and to the existing Craighurst Estate system. Water pressure variations are anticipated at the east and west limits of the Secondary Plan. High pressures are predicted at the lower elevations along the west limit of the secondary plan and lower pressures are calculated along the highlands near the east limit of the Secondary Plan. However it is concluded that operating pressures within each development area are still within the required design guidelines. It is anticipated that the existing distribution system will provide adequate fire flow. It is preferred that all communal water within the secondary plan be linked to provide one integrated system. Water distribution pipe and property services can be provided to existing development under Section 326 of the Municipal Act. Water distribution network analysis using a currently recognized method based on Hardy Cross or one of the computer model derivatives shall be undertaken to ensure design flows can be delivered throughout the distribution system at the required design pressures. The water distribution system may require private rights-of-way or easements to loop the water network across drainage courses or through as yet unidentified areas of the Secondary Plan. Watermain extension loops through easements are promoted at the end of culs-de-sac to prevent dead ends that cause water quality deterioration. TjH Township of Oro-Medonte 25 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Water supply from the storage reservoir and the three Well locations within the Secondary Plan results in shorter lengths of watermain between sources, and the furthest demand and highest demand are less distance away than water provided from one source. The lower friction losses result in smaller diameter watermain, such that the maximum size of watermain needed to deliver maximum day plus fire flow is 250 mm diameter. 4.3 Wastewater Collection, Treatment and Disposal 4.3.1 Wastewater Flows It is anticipated that the existing commercial and residential development will at some time connect to the new sewage treatment facilities in due course. New development in the Secondary Plan forecast in Section 2 of this report will require wastewater services similar to the water requirements identified in Section 3: "Water Supply Storage and Distribution". Total residential development is expected in a minimum of two distinct development phases with approximately 400 units in Phase 1 and 300 residential units in Phase 2. The existing residential development has about 100 units and when combined with the non-residential development results in about 131 equivalent residential units. Both residential and non-residential wastewater flows reflect the theoretical water supply when infiltration into the collection network is considered.. Section 2.2.2 identifies water demand for development of 825 equivalent residential units at 400 liters per capita per day (1,200 liters/unit). The objective of developing the water supply will result in about 1000 M3 /d of wastewater produced. The 1000 M3 /d average daily flow from residential and non-residential development in the Secondary Plan, includes an allowance for infiltration into the sanitary sewage collection system. The total developed area serviced by sanitary sewers is about 100 ha, and the equivalent service population is 2,488 people. MOE design criteria for new sewage facilities for new development require that: 1. Strict control should be provided by the municipality to ensure sewer services from Property line to new buildings will be implemented to prevent sump pumps; footing drain and roof drain connections to the sanitary sewer, and insure proper building service construction and connections. 2. Adequate design and inspection during construction of both the municipal sewer and property services, and private services to the building. 3. Routine inspection and maintenance programs are in place by the municipality/operating authority to insure a tight system is maintained. In addition to the above sewage flows based on usage, an infiltration/inflow rate of groundwater is added to the system to account for potential future leaks into the system. This is also used for design of sewage facilities such as pumping stations and treatment facilities is typically stated at 90 L/day per person. Historically for this location and the nature of the underlying soil strata with the corresponding elevation of the ground water this value can be adjusted. UH Township of Oro-Medonte 26 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The rated capacity of the Sanitary Sewage Plant is a function of the rate at which the raw sanitary sewage is collected and discharged to the faculty and the capacity of the transfer pumps to deliver the raw sewage to the inlet works. This flow rate from either a sanitary sewage lift station constructed within the waste water treatment plant or from a forcemain and pumping station can not exceed the maximum rated capacity of the plant. It is estimated that the build-out of the Secondary Plan will result in an average daily flow of 1,000 M3 /d and with a design peak hour factor of 3.0 produces a facility rated at 3,000 M3 /d (peak daily flow). Maximum daily flow for wastewater facilities is related to stormwater inflow/infiltration and total water consumption/disposal, (similar to water facilities). Maximum daily flows and peak hour flows are equalized in the design of the wastewater facilities and are cushioned by averaging and storage in the collection system. The peaking factor is often determined by the selection of the treatment process. This will then impose limitations on the rate that the raw sewage is discharged to the treatment design or flow balancing must be incorporated into the pumping stations or plant. In addition to wastewater from the Secondary Plan, the ability to accept septage for treatment and disposal or to temporarily back-up other Municipal Sewage Treatment Plants should be considered. Discharge criteria are set by the MOE Southwestern Region. An assimilation study for the Nottawasaga River watershed, completed in 2006, has established loading criteria for individual subwatersheds and the resulting discharge criteria. Once the final effluent limits and objectives to the identified parameters have been set then the Reasonable Use Guidelines (RUG) can be applied to this development. The ability of the underlying soils to accept the final wastewater effluent determines if subsurface disposal by hydraulic conductivity is a viable option. Non cohesive sandy soils are preferred over heavy clays or till with a detailed analysis by a competent hydrogeologist. Based on the assessment undertaken during the Background Study the permeable soils are suitable for infiltration. Additional field investigation will be needed to define the infiltration areas for the Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant during the preparation of the Master Servicing Reports that are part of the site specific approval process. Biosolids Biosolids or sludge production is similar for all alternative treatment processes and must be disposed typically by land application under the specific and current legislation of the Province of Ontario. It is not anticipated that the disposal of biosolids from this location will be an issue. Township of Oro-Medonte 27 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 4.3.2 Sewage Collection Alternative sewage collection systems include, but are not limited to, the following collection systems: • Conventional gravity sewers • Small bore sewers Pressure systems • Vacuum systems The method of sewage collection can have a bearing on the amount of groundwater infiltration that must be treated. Small bore sewers and pressure/vacuum systems have lower infiltration volumes. However, conventional gravity sewers are reliable, virtually maintenance free, and have virtually no operating costs. In addition, sewage collection systems that incorporate holding or septic tanks can reduce peak sewage flows that must be dealt with by both the collection system and treatment facility. In deciding on sewage collection systems several considerations must be taken into account. 1. The undulating topography may require deep burial of gravity sewers and possibly necessitates the use of pumping stations and the expropriation of easements, if same cannot be obtained in a cooperative manner. 2. Native soils are favorable with respect to the construction of underground utilities such as sewers. 3. There could be dewatering problems in low lying areas. This could impede construction of sewers, and potentially impact adjacent shallow wells. Of the various types of sewage collection systems gravity sanitary sewers are the preferred method of collection for the Secondary Plan. 4.3.3 Sewage Treatment and Disposal There are no communal sewage systems within the Secondary Plan Area. Existing development has been supported by individual conventional Class IV subsurface sewage systems. Sanitary sewage treatment facilities utilizing modern technology offer a very high level of treatment that produces a final effluent suitable for discharge to the environment. There are several alternative sewage treatment systems that can be considered for installation within this settlement area. Sanitary Sewage treatment typically involves primary treatment or screening to remove solids, secondary treatment with biological activity to produce an effluent at acceptable and mandated levels of the identified Township of Oro-Medonte 28 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report parameters. It is sometimes required that tertiary treatment be utilized to further lower the level of the design parameters to meet stringent final effluent limits. This is often accomplished with deep bed filters or membrane filters. In a conventional Class 1V sewage system, the septic tank provides both primary treatment, and initiates secondary treatment. The subsurface distribution system completes secondary treatment. Tertiary treatment is provided by filtering effluent through the underlying soils. Alternative treatment systems include, but are not limited to the following: Treatment and Disposal of Effluent to subsurface soils. • Peat/biofilters • Recirculation sand filters • Infiltration lagoons • Large communal tile beds Primary treatment and Subsurface or Surface Water Disposal of Effluent • Activated sludge with aeration or extended aeration • Rotary biological contactors • Sequential batch reactors • Lagoons with or without aeration • Biological membrane systems • Others Groundwater Surface Disposal of Effluent • Lagoons with spray irrigation or snowfluent discharge A review of the local soils and overburden characteristics conclude that the site is favorable for the subsurface disposal of the final effluent. The second option to be considered is to discharge the final effluent to a receiving surface water such as one of the tributaries to Matheson Creek or Craig's swamp. Matheson Creek is identified as a cold water fishery that requires specific criteria be applied to final sewage effluent if this is to be considered a viable option. The limits and objectives of the identified parameters such as suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrates and possibly phosphorus must be applied within the guidelines for Reasonable Use Guidelines (RUG). The preliminary RUG analysis will then determine the actual loading of the identified parameters thru the subsurface disposal beds to the groundwater. The amount of final effluent at the suggested final effluent limits will determine the quantity of effluent that can be disposed off. Given below is a description of constraints and opportunities in treatment options and subsurface/surface water disposal options for the treated effluent. W Township of Oro-Medonte 29 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Subsurface Disposal So far as subsurface disposal of treated affluent from any of these treatment systems is concerned, there are two possible scenarios based on whether or not the effluent plume is hydraulically isolated from the drinking groundwater aquifer. Given below is a brief description of disposal criteria for both scenarios. Subsurface Disposal -without hydraulic isolation MOE Policy B-7 of reasonable use is applied to measure the impact of development proposals supported by subsurface sewage systems serving five or more residential units, or large subsurface sewage disposal systems that discharge more than 10,000 L/d effluent. The Policy is applied where it cannot be demonstrated that the effluent plume is hydraulically isolated from sources of groundwater supply. Nitrate (N), which is converted from ammonia found in domestic sewage, is used to measure groundwater impact potential. When nitrate attenuation is assessed, only that which occurs by dilution is considered. The amount of water available for dilution is equal to the annual infiltration rate of 250 mm. The value of Ce is a function of the type of wastewater treatment system and the level of treatment effected by the system. Hence the density of development - i.e. residential units per hectare @ 3 persons/unit - would be determined by the value of Ce and consequently the type of treatment system and its efficiency. Subsurface Disposal -Communal System with Hydraulic Isolation In case it is demonstrated that the effluent plume is hydraulically isolated from potential supply aquifers, then Policy B-7 is satisfied. This situation typically occurs where there is a hydraulic boundary to groundwater flow immediately downgradient of the location of subsurface sewage disposal. The background information collected to date suggests the wetlands west and north of the Study Area present a hydraulic boundary to groundwater flow. Further, there is an upward hydraulic gradient in the direction of groundwater flow adjacent to the wetlands. At the time of final design it will be necessary to satisfy all provincial guidelines to demonstrate that the effluent plume discharge from a communal sewage system utilizing subsurface disposal is hydraulically isolated from groundwater supply aquifers. Should this situation exist, then the discharge of effluent via the subsurface will occur to the adjacent wetlands and eventually to Matheson Creek. Tertiary treatment of effluent would occur naturally by: 1. Filtering effluent through the overburden soils. 2. Uptake by wetland vegetation at the point of effluent discharge to surface. VH Township of Oro-Medonte 30 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Under the Water Resources Act, the Ministry of Environment applies Policies 1 and 2 of the Provincial Water Quality Objectives as they relate to surface water quality degradation resulting from the discharge of effluent. It must be demonstrated through an analysis of the assimilative capacity of the receiving watercourse, that these policies are met. Policy 1 states that where upstream surface water quality is below the PWQO concentration, water quality cannot be degraded to worse than the PWQO concentration at the downstream compliance limit. Policy 2 states that where upstream surface water quality is equal to or above the PWQO concentration, it cannot be degraded further at the downstream compliance limit.) In case of surface water discharge - whether directly or via subsurface flow - phosphorous replaces nitrate as the parameter of concern within sewage effluent. The PWQO for total phosphorous is 0.03 mg/L. For impact assessment, a concentration of 15 mg/L (P) phosphorous in sewage effluent is used. Phosphorous attenuation occurs naturally in the soil, and by dilution. Sewage treatment systems are also capable of reducing the concentration of phosphorous. The natural retention capacity of the native soil media beneath the subsurface distribution system, and between the distribution system and the point of discharge to the surface must be measured to determine the attenuation capacity of the soil. In all likelihood, the size of development which could be supported by a communal sewage system utilizing subsurface disposal located in the hydrologic setting described will be dictated by the hydraulic capabilities of the overburden that must accept sewage flows rather than phosphorous attenuation. Surface disposal The capacity of Matheson Creek, or Craig's Swamp, to receive sewage is limited by the application of PWQO Policy I with respect to total phosphorous. The Assimilative Capacity Study (2006) identified the Matheson Creek, and consequently the Willow Creek subwatershed as unimpaired and also the water meets PWQO. Therefore any discharge would also have to meet this criterion. A flow rate analysis at the discharge location, effects of elevated flow on downstream vegetation and structures, and potential seasonal fluctuation in phosphorous concentrations in the stream must be assessed in order to fully evaluate this option as they were not addressed by the Assimilative Capacity Study. 4.3.4 Treatment Plant Location Since it is proposed to phase development to accommodate growth estimated at 75 units per year, more than one treatment facility and plant expansion phasing are to be considered. The option of constructing more than one treatment plant significantly increases initial capital expenditures and long term operating costs. A more economical option, due to economy of scale, is the design of a plant that can be expanded. UH Township of Oro-Medonte 31 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Consequently, we do not recommend more than one municipal wastewater treatment facility (sewage treatment is separate from disposal by one or more tile beds). However, the Class Environmental Assessment for the new Sewage Treatment Plant will review this option as a potential solution. The preferred location of a future wastewater treatment facility must take into account many factors relating to engineering constraints as well as social economic considerations. Potential sites must take into account: • The integration of the collection of the raw sanitary sewage and delivery to the WWTP with either gravity sewers, pressure forcemains or a combination of the both. • Access to the site by operational staff and maintenance vehicles. • The availability of high voltage power to the site. • Concerns with noise, odours. • The integration of the site and architecture with proposed or existing residential or commercial development. • Site topography. • Integration into a phased approach to an undefined growth pattern driven by private enterprise. There are a limited number of potential sites to locate a new waste water treatment plant within or immediately surrounding the defined settlement area. The first potential site, SITE 1, is located at the northeast corner of Lot 41, Concession 1 west of the CPR railway. This location illustrated on Figure 3.2 is selected for the following reasons: - The Plant is downstream of, but close proximity to, the gravity collection system for the Secondary Plan; - The Plant is midway between the north and south limits of the Secondary Plan to reduce trunk sewer lengths, depths and diameters - The Plant abuts, but is above flood levels of Copeland wetland. The wetland is non- agriculture and non-developable, provides a natural buffer and is available for consideration of a wastewater discharge if discharge to the wetland is selected in the Class Environmental Assessment process - The Plant abuts the railway as a visible barrier and as a non-residential buffer, and is in a non-developed agricultural location outside the Secondary Plan. As such, the Plant is expandable The Plant is located such that property acquisition from Lot 41 or Lot 42 owners will ensure a competitive price - The Plant is located such that infiltration disposal options can be provided by either Lot 41 or Lot 42, or both The Plant is located outside the Secondary Plan where development is proposed, so trunk sewers and forcemain parallel to the CPR railway, (as a Utility corridor), will not interfere with multiple residential properties. Power supply, telecommunications, gas and utilities can be provided along a utility corridor from County Rd 22 Ulm Township of Oro-Medonte 32 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The Plant location is midway between two streams that may provide the option of surface water discharge to one or both depending on the Class Environmental Assessment. Gravity or pumped discharge is possible The site is accessible from County Rd 22 and is in close proximity to Highway 400. Truck traffic for deliveries and sludge disposal do not need to travel through the Secondary Plan development. The Second potential location, SITE 2 is located at the northeast corner of Lot 40, Concession 1 west of the CPR railway. This location illustrated on Figure 3.2 is selected for the following reasons: - The Plant is downstream of, but close proximity to, the gravity collection system for the Secondary Plan; - The Plant is between the north and south limits of the Secondary Plan with there being multiple options on location of trunk gravity sewers or force mains to reach the site - The Plant abuts, but is above flood levels of Copeland wetland. - The Plant abuts the railway as a visible barrier and as a non-residential buffer. - Is in a non-developed agricultural location outside the Secondary Plan. As such, the Plant is expandable - The Plant is located such that the disposal options can be explored in detail during the phased development of the site by locating site specific areas and forcemains as required. The Plant is located outside the Secondary Plan where development is proposed, so trunk sewers and forcemain parallel to the CPR railway, (as a Utility corridor), will not interfere with multiple residential properties. Power supply, telecommunications, gas and utilities can be provided along a utility corridor from County Rd 22 - The site is easily accessible from County Rd 22 and is in close proximity to Highway 400. Truck traffic for deliveries and sludge disposal do not need to travel through the Secondary Plan development. The third potential location, SITE 3, is located at the northeast corner of Lot 41, Concession 1 East of the CPR railway. This site, illustrated on Figure 3.2 is selected for the following reasons: - The Plant is downstream of only part of the proposed development area. Another development area would require dedicated pumping stations and forcemains to send the raw sewage to this site. - The Plant is above flood levels. - The Plant would site adjacent to the railway. - The Plant is located such that the disposal options can be explored in detail during the phased development of the site by locating site specific areas and forcemains as required. - The Plant is located inside the Secondary Plan where development is proposed, so trunk sewers, forcemains power supply, telecommunications, gas and utilities can be provided along a utility corridor from Highway 93 - The site is easily accessible from Highway 93 and is in close proximity to Highway 400. Truck traffic for deliveries and sludge disposal do not need to travel through the proposed residential development. L Township of Oro-Medonte 33 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The fourth potential site would be located within the first phase of development to request approval to proceed to construction. Potential locations would be determined at the time of construction of the first development: The Plant would preferably be downstream of only part of the proposed development area. Other development areas would require dedicated pumping stations and forcemains to send the raw sewage to this site. - The Plant would be above flood levels. - The Plant should be located adjacent to either major roadways. - The Plant is located such that the disposal options can be explored in detail during the phased development of the site by locating site specific areas and forcemains as required. - The Plant is located inside the Secondary Plan where development is proposed, so trunk sewers, forcemains power supply, telecommunications, gas and utilities can be provided along a utility corridor from either county Road 22 or Highway 93. - The site is easily accessible from Highway 93 and is in close proximity to Highway 400. Truck traffic for deliveries and sludge disposal may need to travel through the proposed residential development. 4.4 Stormwater Management The Craighurst Secondary Planning Area is 160 hectares in area situated within the Simcoe Uplands on the extreme northwest flank of the Bass Lake or Oro Moraine sand moraine. The area drains to Matheson Creek which is tributary to Willow Creek and the Nottawasaga River. The upper section of Matheson Creek is also part of the Copeland- Craighurst wetland complex. Matheson Creek provides cold and cool water fishery, which impacts the degree of treatment required for any stormwater undertaking. Within the Planning Area, the Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority has requested a 30 meter development setback from the centerline of identified natural streams. This section provides the technical and engineering stormwater management information for future development. It includes the hydrologic models for existing conditions, and stormwater management facility locations, sizing, design criteria and cost estimates. 4.4.1 Existing Conditions 4.4.1.1 Drainage Basins Drainage basin catchment areas utilizing Data from the previous Trow Report are identified on Figure 2.2. There are five major gullies, or small watershed drainage basins, that drain from the northwest flank of the moraine through the study area to Matheson Creek. The construction of County Road 22 (Horseshoe Valley Road) has diverted catchment area Basin 2 to Basin 1. The diverted and remnant portions of Basin 2 result in six drainage basins altogether. Table 4.2 provides a summary of each drainage basin. Township of Oro-Medonte Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 34 Table 4.2 Craighurst Drainage Basins Drainage B i Area h Elevation d Hydraulic L Land Type as n ( a) rop (m) ength (m) Wooded Field Settled % 1 49 46 1,700 5 95 2 157 103 3,300 25 75 20 13 3 59 29 1,400 50 50 16 27 4 59 32 1,800 70 30 11 19 5 331 126 4,800 60 40 40 12 6 226 129 4,700 70 30 The density of development in "settled areas" is relatively low outside the central commercial area located at the crossroads in Craighurst. Typical existing lot sizes in residential areas range between 0.2 and 1.5 hectares (0.5 and 4.0 acres). The following is a description of each drainage basin: Basin 1 drains to the extreme southwest corner of the planning area. There is no defined watercourse. However, there is a 0.6 meter diameter concrete culvert to convey any overland flow which may occur from this basin through the CPR embankment. Basin 2 lies south of County Road 22. Topographic mapping shows the watercourse crossing County Road 22 at the CPR crossing; however, the 1.8 x 0.9 meter concrete box culvert passes through the railroad embankment only. Flow from this basin is directed towards the Highway 400 cloverleaf south of County Road 22 where it joins the outfall from Basin 1. This drainage route flows intermittently. Basin 3 was once part of Basin 2 before County Road 22 was constructed. Basin 3 commences at the Foodland grocery store and drains the south portion of the new Craighurst Estates Subdivision to a 0.6 meter diameter concrete pipe culvert passing under the railway embankment. There is no defined watercourse downstream of the CPR. Basin 4 is a small intermediate drainage area that coincides with a pronounced gully that commences immediately to the northeast of the intersection at County Roads 22 and 93. There is a small storm sewer system that drains the intersection. The storm sewer outlets to the Basin 4 gully where County Road 93 crosses it south of the intersection. Overland flow at the base of the gully occurs briefly after a runoff event. The 0.9 meter diameter culvert under County Road 93 is half filled with silt. Some minor erosion is evident at the road embankment. UH Township of Oro-Medonte 35 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report A 0.9 x 1.2 meter concrete box culvert under the CPR embankment accepts surface drainage from this basin. Base flow does not occur in Basin 4 until just upstream of Highway 400. Basin 5 encompasses the northerly section of the study area. Base flow is evident at County Road 22 where there is a 1.2 meter diameter CSP. The stream channel at this location is 0.3 meters wide by 0.15 meters deep and flows southeast to northwest through the study area. The stream crosses County Road 93 through a 0.9 meter CSP culvert and then passes through a 1.5 x 1.8 meter concrete arch culvert at the CPR embankment. The stream channel approaching the CPR culvert is 0.3 meters wide and 0.4 meters deep and has a flow of 12 Us (with 25-30 mm rainfall three days prior). There is a sub-basin within Basin 5 that is approximately 26 hectares in size. It has no defined channel and drains to a 1.2 x 0.8 meter concrete box culvert that passes under the CPR, then to a 0.9 meter diameter steel culvert that passes under County Road 93. Surface drainage from this sub-basin joins drainage from the balance of Basin 5 within the swamp lying west of the Study Area. Basin 6 is located in the northerly limit of the study area. There is no evidence of a riparian channel at County Road 22. However, at the CPR 1.2 x 1.5 meter concrete arch culvert the stream channel is 0.3 meters wide and 0.2 meters deep. A stream flow of 20 Us was measured at the CPR culvert on April 24, 2000. There is a High Water mark on the culvert headwall that coincides with the top of the culvert opening. Basin 6 outlets to Craig's Swamp 4.4.1.2 Stormwater Management Facilities There are two stormwater management facilities in Basin 3. One is located in the northwest corner of the Foodland store parking lot. The other is located in the southwest corner of the Craighurst Estates Subdivision. Both stormwater management ponds offer pre/post-development storm drainage control as well as an opportunity for surface runoff to infiltrate into the ground. 4.4.1.3 Soils The Simcoe County Soil Survey shows the surface soils surrounding Craighurst to be Tioga sand loam and Tioga sand-Vasey sand loam at elevations higher than contour 250 masi. Below contour 250 masi, the soils are either Alliston sandy loam, or muck. Muck soils are found in the lower swamp areas adjacent to Highway 400 west and north of Craighurst. The Alliston soils are located at marginally higher elevations found adjacent to the low swamp lands. Tioga and Vasey soils are well draining with high infiltration characteristics, and belong in soil hydrologic groups A and AB, respectively. Alliston sandy loam soils are fine sands with imperfect drainage and a similar hydrologic group classification of AB. Muck soils are typically located in areas where organic material has collected and drainage is poor. l_'11 Township of Oro-Medonte 36 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 4.4.2 Guidelines for future Stormwater Management The stormwater management plan for the Secondary Planning Area shall be completed in accordance with the most current provincial, municipal and the Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority guidelines. The guidelines shall include, but are not limited to, the following: Water Quantity Post-development peak flow rates attenuated to pre-development levels, or less, for all storms up to and including the 100 year rainfall event. Safe conveyance of the stormwater for the Regional Storm Event is required for all road and subdivision design. Water Quality Enhanced treatment (formerly designated Level 1) is required due to: The Planning Area located in Oro Moraine, a very important recharge area and headwater of Matheson Creek; Downstream coldwater fisheries A setback of 30 meters is required on either side of a natural stream. 4.4.3 Pre Development Stormwater Flows SWMHYMO, a computer stormwater management hydrologic model, was utilized to compute the peak runoff flows for the six existing drainage basin areas. Table 3.3 provides a summary of the 2, 5, 25, and 100 year SCS 24 hour design storm and Regional Storm (Timmins Storm) event peak flows. Post development peak flows are to be modeled in detail at the functional servicing plan stages, or when the development density is clearly identified. Table 4.3 Pre-Development Peak Flows (m /s) Storm Event Basin 1 Basin 2 Basin 3 Basin 4 Basin 5 Basin 6 2 yr. SCS 0.04 0.03 0.77 0.67 0.03 0.03 5 yr. SCS 0.34 0.26 1.19 1.05 0.24 0.16 25 yr. SCS 1.45 1.06 1.68 1.44 0.92 0.63 100 yr. SCS 2.95 2.15 2.26 1.92 1.86 1.30 Timmins 9.60 7.25 2.96 2.63 9.21 6.63 T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 37 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 4.4.4 Post Development Stormwater Management Post development peak flows for the Planning Area should be controlled to the pre- development levels or less for all storms up to and including the 100 year rainfall event Post development peak flows are to be modeled in detail at the functional servicing plan stages, or when the development density is clearly identified. 4.4.5 Stormwater Management Ponds The preferred location of stormwater management ponds, and corresponding catchment areas, within the Secondary Planning Area are shown on Drawing SWM-I. Pond sites were selected based on the following criteria: • Locations that would facilitate inter-basin drainage where feasible. • Upstream of existing drainage culverts crossing Hwy 93 and the CPR thus avoiding expensive culvert enlargements. • At the most downstream location within the Secondary Plan Area. • Locations that also capture drainage from existing lots in addition to new development. Each pond shall provide "enhanced" or Level 1 quality protection per Table 3.2 of the "Stormwater Management Planning and Design Manual" (MOE, 2003). Permanent pool storage volumes are to be based on impervious ratio and drainage area. Table 4.4 summarizes the storage volumes for each drainage basin pond. The volumes are preliminary, actual volumes should be obtained through detailed hydrologic model undertaken at the functional servicing, or detailed design stages. Table 4.4 Stormwater Pond/Basin Storage Volumes Development Area Drainage Area Percent Impervious /o o Runoff ff Coefficient Permanent Pool Active Storage(') Total Volume Pond/Basin (ha) m3/ha m3 m3 m3 A 9.54 60 0.6 162 1545 5500 7045 B 15.84 45 0.4 125 1980 6100 8080 C 24.71 45 0.4 125 3090 9500 12590 F 25.00 45 0.4 125 3125 9700 12825 G 42.92 45 0.4 125 5365 16600 21965 H 3.18 45 0.4 27.5 90 1200 1290 (1) Active storage volumes are calculated based on Orillia OF SCS 100 year storm event having a 24 hour rainfall volume of 120.68 mm, and that the volume of runoff retained in active storage is 80% of total 100 year storm rainfall. TM Township of Oro-Medonte 38 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The active storages shall include extended detention storage for erosion control, and quantity control storage for each design storm (2 to 100 year). An infiltration basin or dry pond shall serve the drainage area "H", because the area shall be too small to sustain a wet pond. NVCA "Wet Pond Criteria Check" indicates that a minimum drainage area of five hectares is required for a wet pond. The two existing ponds should continue to serve the drainage area "D". There shall be no new development in area "E"; consequently, no new pond shall be required. On-site controls are being used for the existing development in this area. Another option for area "A" and "B" is that combining Pond A and Pond B together to make a bigger pond in area "A". In this case, the existing culvert shall be upgraded to meet the new capacity. 4.5 Transportation 4.5.1 Road Definitions The following describes road and street classification and function. Freeways are controlled access highways providing vehicles traveling at high speeds over relatively long distances. Arterial roads are through routes providing transportation across, and within, populated centers. Access to property is permitted; however, traffic flow is affected by the number of access points. Typically, development of property adjacent to arterial routes is undertaken to minimize the impact on traffic flow. Shared access points and controlled direction of access is encouraged. Major Collectors convey traffic between arterial roads and local roads, and may be used to service property. Minor Collectors provide access and traffic movement between major collectors and arterials. In residential areas, minor collectors convey traffic to and from a neighborhood prior to intersecting with streets having a higher classification. Through traffic is not encouraged. Local Streets provide access only to each abutting property. Boundary Roads present the directional limits of travel perpendicular to their orientation, and can function as any one of the above. 4.5.2 Existing Major Road Network The major road network is shown on Figure 2.2, and described as follows. 1411 l Township of Oro-Medonte 39 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Highway 400 is a controlled access freeway. It provides a major route of vehicular transport between Toronto - Barrie - Parry Sound - Sudbury and areas beyond. Simcoe County Road 93 (Penetanguishene Road) was formerly King's Highway 93. It provides a connecting route between the City of Barrie and Penetanguishene/Midland. It runs parallel to Highway 400 south of Craighurst to Barrie and crosses Highway 400 two kilometers north of the study area. Since it runs parallel to Highway 400, County Road 93 acts as a service road to provide an alternate route when Highway 400 traffic is diverted or congested, and functions as a major collector road between interchanges. The County of Simcoe's Official Plan has classified County Road 93 as a primary arterial road. It has a 30.5 meter Right-of-Way (ROW) throughout most of its length within and beyond the study area. There is a 150 meter section of ROW immediately north of County Road 22 that is only 20.0 meters wide. Through the hamlet there is a pedestrian sidewalk on the west side and east side of the ROW north and south of County Road 22, respectively. Simcoe County Road 22 (Horseshoe Valley Road) is an east-west connecting route that extends from King's Highway 12 just north of Orillia to King's Highway 26. Through the centre of the hamlet, County Road 22 has a 20.0 meter ROW width and is classified as a secondary arterial road. East and west of the hamlet, it has a 30.5 meter ROW, and is classified as a primary arterial road by the Official Plan for Simcoe County. The intersection of County Rd 93 and County Rd 22 is a signalized two lane intersection, with left turn lanes for each approach to the intersection. Pedestrian signals are in place but currently advance green signal phasing is not implemented. The speed limit through the intersection is posted at 60 km/h. The intersection and approaches are relatively flat and at right angles with good sight lines for both stopping and turning. A slight vertical grade up to the intersection for southbound traffic does not restrict visibility. Commercial development and some residential development access the intersection within the length of the left turn lanes interfering with both sight line visibility and intersection traffic during peak periods. Overall, both the intersection at County Rd 93 and 22, and the intersection approaches, are currently operating at a high level of service. 4.5.3 Summary of Traffic Study A traffic study was completed in support of the Craighurst Secondary Plan. The Study is included as Appendix B and is summarized below. The Study assessed future transportation requirements related to development of the Craighurst area along with future traffic growth on County Roads 22 and 93. TRH Township of Oro-Medonte 40 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report • Forecasting future traffic volumes for a 20 year horizon by combining existing traffic with an estimate of the trips that would be generated by the Craighurst Secondary Plan and Horseshoe Valley Resort area, and considering a range of growth in background traffic. • Analyzing traffic operations for the signalized intersection of County Roads 22/93; • Calculating the exposure index (daily trains X daily traffic) for the County Road 22/CP level rail crossing to determine if there is a need to consider a grade separation; and • Reviewing alternative road and traffic control requirements, and identifying a preferred alterative to address the requirements of the anticipated traffic growth. The conclusions and recommendations of the Craighurst Secondary Plan Traffic Study are as follows: a) Through a comparison of current and historical traffic data, it was found that there has been relatively little growth in the weekday peak hour traffic volumes at the County Roads 22/93 intersection in the period 1998 to 2007. b) Three alternative traffic forecasts for 2027 indicate the potential for substantial traffic growth (134 to 215 per cent increase over existing) at the County Roads 22/93 intersection and in the County Road 22 corridor through Craighurst. The Craighurst Secondary Plan area and the Horseshoe Valley Settlement Node account for approximately one-third and two-thirds, respectively, of the new development component of traffic growth. Background or through traffic growth would account for the remainder of the 2027 traffic, and was estimated based on compound growth rates of one and three per cent per year for alternative forecast scenarios. C) The signalized intersection of County Roads 22/93 was found to operate at acceptable levels of service for each of the alternative traffic forecasts with the existing lane arrangements. In the future, signal timings and left turn lane storage requirements would have to be reviewed and modified if necessary to accommodate traffic increases. d) A basic two lane cross section on both County Roads 22 and 93 would be sufficient to accommodate each of the alternative traffic forecasts. Auxiliary turn lanes and other intersection improvements (e.g., additional traffic signals) should be provided as determined through subsequent traffic impact studies for proposed residential or commercial developments. The potential for road widenings to accommodate individual turning lanes, a centre two-way left turn lane, an additional through lane, or other facilities (e.g., bike lanes/paths, pedestrian facilities, etc.) should be protected for by acquiring property (through the development review process) to increase the road right-of-way where required. This applies to both County Roads 22 and 93, but primarily to County Road 22 where the higher traffic demands are expected. e) Three strategies have been developed to address the safety and delay concerns at the at-grade County Road 22/CP rail line crossing. The strategies include Township of Oro-Medonte 41 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report managing and mitigating the effects of the existing train operations, managing traffic queues, and consideration of the need for a grade separation in the future. The implementation of the various strategies is subject to monitoring traffic and development conditions, determining the physical feasibility of a grade separation, and possibly identifying property requirements and funding mechanisms to protect and provide for a future grade separation. With lower traffic volumes on County Road 93 at its crossing of the same CP rail line, it is seen that the existing rail protection system (flashing lights, bells, and gates) along with efforts by CP to minimize the duration of blockages are sufficient for the horizon year considered in this Study. TjH Township of Oro-Medonte 42 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 5. SCREENING OF ALTERNATIVES 5.1 Introduction The alternatives developed in Section 3 to address the problem statement are to be screened with respect to their impact on the physical, social and economic environments presented in Section 4. The potential environmental effects of the alternatives are listed in the respective Tables 5.4 to 5.7 and summarized in Table 5.8 at the end of this section: 5.2 Water Supply 5.2.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: Action Required. • None Advantages • No additional construction required. Disadvantages • Does not address the problem statement. The Do Nothing alternative is not viable since upgrades to the existing water supply system are required to implement the secondary development plan. 5.2.2 Alternative No. 2 -Draw more water from the existing wells: Action Required. • Increase the duty hours of the existing water supply pumps Advantages • No additional construction and equipment required • Potential for expansion of supply Disadvantages • Supply of water is fixed, based on permit to take water. This alternative would involve increasing the duty hours of the three duty pumps to draw additional water from the existing wells. The total combined capacity of the three duty water supply pumps is 855 M3 /d. The current maximum demand is 233 M3 /d where as the existing three wells have a current combined capacity of 507 M3 /d. With a combined permit to draw water @ 523 M3 /d, additional 290 M3 /d of water can be drawn from the existing wells by increasing the duty hours of the water supply pumps. 5.2.3 Alternative No. 3 - Install additional wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer: Action Required. • Installation of additional wells • Connection of new well systems to the system at Craighurst estates well system. Advantages • Water supply is an existing and secure source T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 43 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Disadvantages • High capital cost because of deeper drilling This alternative involves installation of two new wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer in addition to the existing wells at Craighurst Estates. The lower aquifer is regionally extensive with an estimated area of more than 1000 ha and potential long term safe yield of 450,000 m3/yr with a potential of serving 2,740 persons per day @450 Ipcd. This capacity translates to servicing of 913 residential units @ 3 persons per unit, exceeding the 825 equivalent units required. However, long term 72 hours pump tests would be required to confirm the potential well production before actual construction. Wells would need to supply sufficient water to meet maximum day demand. Moreover the fact that most existing individual wells are completed in the upper sand and gravel aquifer, the possibility of interference and contamination of lower sand aquifer is minimal. Thus the lower aquifer offers higher level of security both in terms of quality as well as quantity. The overall water supply system to support the secondary plan area would consist of - Water supply facilities, Storage and Water distribution network. Water supply facilities The well water supply facilities would consist of: • Wells and pumps • Pump controls, alarms, etc. • Chlorine Disinfection system • Oversized piping for chlorine contact upstream of the first water user; • On-line Chlorine Residual analyzer and sample ports; • Diesel or Natural Gas Standby Generator for the system capable of maximum well house power requirements; • Alarming system connected to existing wireless communication system. • Treatment for sand, turbidity filters and mineral treatment may be required depending on water condition. Storage Craighurst Estates Water system has current storage capacity of 112 m3 provided by a below grade reservoir. Installation of new well system for the secondary plan area would require construction of new storage facility. Water storage is required for disinfection, contact time, equalization, fire protection and emergency uses. MOE guidelines require 25% maximum day equalization storage, fire protection for two hours at 110 Usec, and 25% of the total storage for emergency at the existing storage. Total storage required for the Secondary Plan area would be: Fire - 110 Usec for two hours: 792 m3 Equalization - 2,768 M3 /d x 25%: 692 m3 Emergency - @ 25%: 371 m3 Total Storage: 1,855m3 0 Township of Oro-Medonte 44 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 5.3 Water Storage 5.3.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: Action Required. • None Advantages • No additional construction required. Disadvantages • Does not address the problem statement. The Do Nothing alternative is not viable since the existing storage of 112 m3 would be inadequate to provide for disinfection contact time, equalization and fire protection demand to effectively serve Craighurst secondary development area. 5.3.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide Local Underground Storage: Action Required. • Construction of storage tanks at the new well sites • Connection of new storage tanks to the new well systems and to the well system at Craighurst estates. Advantages • More reliable water supply because of multiple storage locations. • Phasing of construction of storage tanks is possible Disadvantages • Requirement of Booster pump facilities at multiple locations This option will provide local underground storage at each of the two new well sites. Water supply from more than one storage source has higher reliability. Local underground pumped storage consists of a concrete storage reservoir normally constructed underground, booster pumps for peak hour flows, hydropneumatic tanks for instantaneous flows, a disinfection system, a fire flow pump and a standby power generator. Smaller facilities typically require more pronounced peak flows. Fire protection needs are not correlated to the size of the service area but are based on suppression needs for a single fire regardless of service area. For predominantly residential development fire flows from fire hydrants are expected to be at least 38 L/sec. The Craighurst Estates water system has about 112 m3 of storage, pumped to the distribution system. A natural gas generator and fire pump provide 16.6 L/sec fire protection (219 gpm). Since this storage and fire flow are currently insufficient for Craighurst Estates, additional storage and fire flow capacity will significantly benefit the Craighurst Estates residents. MOE requirements for 110 L/sec reflect fire protection needs for larger non-residential buildings and multi-residential buildings expected in Communities over 2,000 people. To provide fire protection to meet MOE guidelines for the Secondary Plan it is proposed Township of Oro-Medonte 45 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report that 48 L/sec for two hours be provided for both phases in addition to the 16.6 L/sec available from Craighurst Estates. Phase 1 Existing Development: New Phase 1 Development: Craighurst Fire Flow: Total Fire Flow: Fire Flow Storage: 25% Equalization Storage: Emergency @ 25%: Total Storage: Existing Craighurst Estates: Net Storage Required: 105 Units (equivalent) 400 Units 16.6 L/sec 64.6 L/sec 465 m3 341 m3 202 m3 1,008 m3 112 m3 896 m3 An underground reservoir 16 m x 16 m x 3.7 m will accommodate the Phase 1 storage requirements in conjunction with Craighurst Estates. Craighurst Estates fire protection and pressure problems will be improved as well when the Phase 1 water system comes on line. Phase 2 Existing Development: Phase 2 Development: Fire Flow: Fire flow Storage: 25% Equalization: 25% Emergency: Total Required: 105 Units Equivalent 300 Units 48 L/sec 346 m3 273 m3 155 m3 774 m3 An underground reservoir 15 m x 15 m x 3.7 will accommodate the Phase 2 storage requirements. The total storage is 1,780 m3 versus 1,855 m3 to provide wells for the total aquifer recharge ability. Consequently, 4% more storage should be provided at each Well site (Phase 1 and Phase 2). Phase l - 935 m3 Phase 2 - 808 m3 5.3.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide Central Underground Storage: Action Required. • Construction of a central storage tank in Craighurst secondary plan area. • Connection of new storage tank to the new well systems and to the well system at Craighurst estates. Advantages • Less capital cost than construction of multiple storage tanks. • Requirement of only one booster pump station TM Township of Oro-Medonte 46 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Disadvantages • Less reliable water supply because of single storage location. This type of storage requires a booster pumping station to meet pressure needs similar to local underground pumped storage. Operation for this storage option will see disinfected well water pumped directly to the underground central storage facility. Disinfected water will be booster pumped to the distribution system to meet fire, peak hour and instantaneous peak flows. 5.3.4 Alternative No. 4 - Provide Central Above Grade Storage: Action Required. • Construction of a central above grade storage tank in Craighurst secondary plan area. • Connection of new storage tank to the new well systems and to the well system at Craighurst estates. Advantages • Potential for lower capital cost than construction of multiple or below ground storage tanks. • Requirement of only one booster pump station. • Capability for low cost expansion by increasing height of the tank. Disadvantages • Less reliable water supply because of single storage location. • Initial cost may be higher than an underground tank • Ocular pollution This type of storage requires a booster pumping station to meet pressure needs similar to central underground pumped storage. Operation for this storage option will see disinfected well water pumped directly to the above ground central storage facility. Disinfected water will be booster pumped to the distribution system to meet fire, peak hour and instantaneous peak flows. 5.3.5 Alternative No. 5 - Provide Central Elevated Storage: Action Required. • Construction of an elevated central storage tank in Craighurst secondary plan area. • Connection of new storage tank to the new well systems and to the well system at Craighurst estates. Advantages • No booster pumping required • Better balancing of pressure in the water distribution system • No requirement of booster pump station • Lowest operating cost amongst all storage options Disadvantages • Highest capital cost amongst all the options. • Aesthetically the most visible option Township of Oro-Medonte 47 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Elevated storage is aesthetically noticeable and can be considered acceptable for community promotion or unacceptable by other people. Local storage at the well is not required. If pressurized disinfection contact time is provided at the well location the disinfected well water can be pumped directly to the distribution system. The standby generator requirements and costs are much lower for this option. 5.4 Sewage Collection 5.4.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: Action Required. • None Advantages • No additional construction or installation required. Disadvantages • Does not address the problem statement. The Do Nothing alternative is not viable since implementation of the secondary development plan is contingent upon adequate sewage collection, treatment and disposal facility. 5.4.2 Alternative No. 2 - Provide conventional gravity sewers: Action Required. • Provision of conventional gravity sewers along with the required sewer appurtenances Advantages • Highly reliable. • Very little maintenance requirements • Negligible operational cost Disadvantages • High capital cost because of greater excavation, larger diameter sewers and sewer appurtenances. • Additional cost because of potential requirement of a sewage pumping station. • Higher infiltration of groundwater Topography predominantly dictates the direction of gravity sewer flow. Topography sloping to the northwest will discharge to a trunk sewer flowing to the sewage plant as illustrated on Figure 3.2. It is anticipated that the trunk sewer will run along the east or west side of the CPR. Typically, pumping is required to lift wastewater to the headworks of a sewage treatment plant. Sometimes the pumps are located within the plant and sometimes pumping stations are external. The option of constructing a deep trunk sewer to intercept branch gravity sewers flowing along each drainage basin or to construct more than one pumping station with smaller trunk sewers was investigated. Township of Oro-Medonte 48 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Figure 3.2 identifies gravity trunk sewers along the west side of the CPR to the Sewage Treatment Plant. A small Pumping Station is needed for the south portion of Employment Land east of Highway 400. The remainder of the Secondary Plan is drained by gravity sewers. Design should follow MOE and Ontario Provincial Standards. The following criteria should be used for design of sanitary sewer works within developments. Single Family Dwellings: Multi-Family Dwellings: Commercial Development: Schools - Students: - Full time staff: Church: Peak Flows: Infiltration peak: Minimum Sewer Size: Minimum Sewer Service: Minimum Velocity: Maximum Slope: 1,000 L/d 800 L/d 5 L/m2 30 L/d per student 50 L/d per person 8 L/d Per seat Harmon equation 0.1 L/ha/s 200 mm diameter 100 mm diameter 0.8 m/s 8% 5.4.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide small bore sewers: Action Required. • Provision of individual septic tanks for all residential and non residential units in the Craighurst secondary plan. • Installation of small bore gravity sewers along with the required sewer appurtenances Advantages • Smaller excavation because of gentler slope requirements • Low capital cost because of reduced excavation and small diameter sewers • Reduced load on wastewater treatment plants • Reduced infiltration of groundwater • Low operational cost Disadvantages • Requirement of individual interceptor/septic tanks for all residential and non residential units. • System incapable of carrying any gross solids. • Frequent monitoring and pumping of the septic tanks. • Higher maintenance cost than conventional gravity sewer system. • Additional cost because of requirement of a sewage pumping station. 5.4.4 Alternative No. 4 - Provide pressure sewers: T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 49 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Action Required. • Provision of individual septic tanks for all residential and non residential units in the Craighurst secondary plan. • Provision of septic tank effluent pumps and small bore sewers pipes. Advantages • Flexibility in sewer network layout because of independence strict alignment and slope restrictions as in gravity sewers • Relatively small cost without damage to existing structures. • Significantly lower material and trenching costs because of reduced pipe size and depth requirements. • Reduced infiltration of groundwater • Reduced organic load on wastewater treatment plant • Low operational cost Disadvantages • Frequent blockages and maintenance problems • High operation and maintenance cost. • Higher life cycle replacement costs because lower life expectancy than conventional systems. • Potential odors and corrosion problems because of usually septic condition of wastewater in the collection sewers. 5.5 Sewage Treatment and Disposal 5.5.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing: Action Required. • None Advantages • No additional construction or installation required. Disadvantages • Does not address the problem statement. The Do Nothing alternative is not viable since implementation of the secondary development plan is contingent upon adequate sewage disposal facility. 5.5.2 Alternative No. 2 - Subsurface disposal using individual septic systems Action Required. • Install individual on-site tile bed sewage treatment systems for subsurface disposal Advantages • Decentralized easy to manage small sewage treatment systems • No centralized sewage collection system required Disadvantages • Insufficient treatment and potential contamination of potable groundwater aquifer. • Substantially reduced development density within the Secondary Plan area. This alternative would involve construction of individual on-site tile bed sewage treatment systems for subsurface disposal. An individual treatment system would FU7U Township of Oro-Medonte 50 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report consist of septic tank followed by a tile bed for treatment/infiltration of the settled effluent into the ground. Applicability of these systems would be based on reasonable land use criteria recommended by MOE with regards to Nitrate concentration in groundwater adjacent to the effluent disposal site. Groundwater flow adjacent to wetland areas west and north of the Study Area has an upward hydraulic gradient. This presents a hydraulic boundary to effluent plume dispersion in groundwater, and is therefore, the limit of application of MOE Policy B- 7 of reasonable use. This changes the criteria used to establish level of impact. In effect, the only constraint to subsurface sewage disposal becomes the ability of the soils adjacent to the wetland to accept the hydraulic loads, and the potential impact subsurface discharge will have with respect to stream water quality. 5.5.3 Alternative No. 3 - Subsurface disposal using communal Sewage treatment plant Action Required. • Installation of sanitary sewer system • Construction and installation of a new communal sewage treatment plant. Advantages • Low capital cost because of simplicity of system Disadvantages • Potentially insufficient sewage treatment to meet subsurface disposal standards This alternative would require construction of a sanitary sewer system and a communal Sewage treatment plant for subsurface disposal of treated effluent. There are several treatment processes including but not limited to the following three options that could potentially be used for sewage treatment for subsurface disposal. • Peat/biofilters • Recirculation sand filters • Large communal tile beds Disposal So far as subsurface disposal of treated affluent from any of these treatment systems is concerned, there are two possible scenarios based on whether or not the effluent plume is hydraulically isolated from the drinking groundwater aquifer. Given below is a brief description of disposal criteria for both scenarios. Subsurface Disposal -without hydraulic isolation MOE Policy B-7 (Reasonable Use) is applied to measure the impact of development proposals supported by subsurface sewage systems serving five or more residential units, or large subsurface sewage disposal systems that discharge more than 10,000 L/d effluent. The Policy is applied where it cannot be demonstrated that the effluent plume is hydraulically isolated from sources of groundwater supply. Nitrate (N), which is converted from ammonia (NH4) found in domestic sewage, is used to measure groundwater impact potential. VM Township of Oro-Medonte 51 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The Reasonable Use calculation for nitrate, taking into consideration a natural background nitrate concentration of 0.4 mg/L, is as follows: Cm = Cb + X(Cr - Cb), where Cb = natural background concentration in upper sand aquifer (see Table 7) C, = Ontario Drinking Water Objective = 10.0 mg/L-N x = ratio for health parameters to ensure negligible effect on groundwater use = 0.25 Cm = maximum acceptable concentration beneath adjacent property Cm = 0.4 mg/L + 0.25(10 mg/L - 0.4 mg/L) = 2.8 mg/L The concentration of nitrate in groundwater that can be permitted at the down gradient property boundary is: Cw = Cm - Cb = 2.8 mg/L .0.4 mg/L = 2.4 mg/L (N) Guidelines suggest using a nitrate (N) concentration in septic tank effluent of 40 mg/L- N, and an average daily flow rate of 1,000 L/day, when evaluating the impact on groundwater by sewage produced by a single family dwelling. When nitrate attenuation is assessed, only that which occurs by dilution is considered. The amount of water available for dilution is equal to the annual infiltration rate of 250 mm. In applying Policy B-7, the density of development permitted on subsurface sewage disposal (without regard to hydraulic performance capabilities) is estimated as follows: = effluent concentration available dilution or Cw = Ce(#units)(1000L/d/unit)(365d/yr) [250mm/yr/ha + units(1,000L/d/unit)](365d/yr) which is simplified to, Cw = concentration of nitrate permitted = 2.4 mg/L Ce = concentration of nitrate in effluent (varies depending on level of treatment) Table 5.1 below establishes the density of development (residential units per hectare at 3 persons/unit) assuming a municipal sewage system with subsurface disposal, and the effluent plume not isolated from a groundwater supply aquifer. Table 5.1 Township of Oro-Medonte 52 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Development Density Subsurface Sewage Disposal - Municipal Facility with Potential Groundwater Impact Treatment System % Nitrate Nitrate in Units/ha - reduction effluent catchment area Convention Septic Tank 0% 40 mg/L 0.4(') Peat Filter Beds 50% 20 mg/L 0.90) Recirculation Sand 25% 30 mg/L 0.6(') Filters (1) The total number of units will also be a function of the total area available for attenuation by dilution (catchment area). The land area dedicated for attenuation could conceivably include the settlement area of Craighurst, and areas outside the designated settlement area. As seen, the number of units permitted per hectare varies with the level of treatment provided. Subsurface Disposal -Communal System with Hydraulic Isolation In the case that the demonstrated effluent plume is hydraulically isolated from potential supply aquifers, then Policy B-7 is satisfied. This situation typically occurs where there is a hydraulic boundary to groundwater flow immediately downgradient of the location of subsurface sewage disposal. The background information collected to date suggests the wetlands west and north of the Study Area present a hydraulic boundary to groundwater flow. Further, there is an upward hydraulic gradient in the direction of groundwater flow adjacent to the wetlands. It may be possible to demonstrate that the effluent plume discharge from a communal sewage system utilizing subsurface disposal is hydraulically isolated from groundwater supply aquifers if the distribution area is located on Concession 1 W PR somewhere between Lots 41 and 46, or on Lot 44, Concession 1 EPR. Should this situation exist, then the discharge of the final effluent via the subsurface will occur to the adjacent wetlands and eventually to Matheson Creek. Tertiary treatment of effluent would occur naturally by: 1. Filtering effluent through the overburden soils. 2. Uptake by wetland vegetation at the point of effluent discharge to surface. Under the Water Resources Act, the Ministry of Environment applies Policies 1 and 2 of the Provincial Water Quality Objectives as they relate to surface water quality degradation resulting from the discharge of effluent. It must be demonstrated through an analysis of the assimilative capacity of the receiving watercourse, that these policies are met. Policy 1 states that where upstream surface water quality is below the PWQO concentration, water quality cannot be degraded to worse than the PWQO concentration at the downstream compliance limit. FAF Township of Oro-Medonte 53 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Policy 2 states that where upstream surface water quality is equal to or above the PWQO concentration, it cannot be degraded further at the downstream compliance limit.) In the case of surface water discharge - whether directly or via subsurface flow - phosphorous replaces nitrate as the parameter of concern within sewage effluent. The PWQO for total phosphorous is 0.03 mg/L. For impact assessment, a concentration of 15 mg/L (P) phosphorous in sewage effluent is used. Phosphorous attenuation occurs naturally in the soil, and by dilution. Sewage treatment systems are also capable of reducing the concentration of phosphorous. The natural retention capacity of the native soil media beneath the subsurface distribution system, and between the distribution system and the point of discharge to the surface must be measured to determine the attenuation capacity of the soil. In all likelihood, the size of development which could be supported by a communal sewage system utilizing subsurface disposal located in the hydrologic setting described will be dictated by the hydraulic capabilities of the overburden that must accept sewage flows rather than phosphorous attenuation. 5.5.4 Alternative No. 4 - Subsurface/Surface disposal using conventional wastewater treatment: Action Required. • Installation of sanitary sewer system • Construction and installation of a new communal sewage treatment plant. Advantages • Potentially adequate treatment for subsurface disposal Disadvantages • High capital cost and operational and maintenance cost This alternative would require construction of a sanitary sewer system and a conventional sewage treatment plant for subsurface or surface disposal of treated effluent. There are several treatment processes including but not limited to the following three options that could potentially be used for sewage treatment for subsurface or surface disposal of treated effluent. • Activated sludge process with denitrification • Sequential batch reactors (SBR) with denitrification • Rotating Biological Contactors (RBC) with denitrification The criteria for the provision of a communal sanitary sewer system are already explained in the section 3.2.4.4 - Alternative 4. Disposal Township of Oro-Medonte 54 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The disposal treated effluent in this option could be either surface or subsurface. Given below is a brief description of both alternatives. Subsurface disposal As previously discussed there are two possible subsurface disposal scenarios based on whether or not the effluent plume is hydraulically isolated from the drinking groundwater aquifer. Subsurface disposal without hydraulic isolation Based on effluent nitrate concentration, Ce of 3 mg/L from one of the above mentioned systems and the maximum permitted concentration of nitrates, Cw as 2.4 mg/L, the density of development permitted on subsurface sewage disposal is 6.3 units/ha, if only the Secondary Plan Study Area is used in the dilution calculation (See section 3.2.2.3). This means that a conventional wastewater treatment system with subsurface disposal is capable of supporting a population of up to 780 units, or 2,340 people. Subsurface disposal with hydraulic isolation If it is possible to demonstrate that the effluent plume discharge from a communal sewage system utilizing subsurface disposal is hydraulically isolated from groundwater supply aquifers then the discharge of sewage via the subsurface will occur to the adjacent wetlands and eventually to Matheson Creek. Tertiary treatment of effluent would occur naturally by filtering effluent through the overburden soils and uptake by wetland vegetation at the point of effluent discharge to surface In this case, as the effluent is ultimately disposed into a watercourse, phosphorous replaces nitrate as the parameter of concern within sewage effluent. The PWQO for total phosphorous is 0.03 mg/L. Since the conventional sewage treatment systems remove phosphorus biologically as well as chemically, a concentration of 2 mg/L (P) phosphorous in sewage effluent is typically used for impact assessment. Phosphorous attenuation occurs naturally in the soil, and by dilution. The natural retention capacity of the native soil media beneath the subsurface distribution system, and between the distribution system and the point of discharge to the surface must be measured to determine the attenuation capacity of the soil. In all likelihood, the size of development which could be supported by a communal sewage treatment system utilizing subsurface disposal located in the hydrologic setting described will be dictated by the hydraulic capabilities of the overburden that must accept sewage flows rather than phosphorous attenuation Surface disposal Um Township of Oro-Medonte 55 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report The capacity of Matheson Creek, or Craig's Swamp, to receive sewage can be established by applying PWQO Policy I with respect to total phosphorous. PWQO Policy 1 permits degradation in surface water quality with respect to phosphorous to 0.02 mg/L. The background concentration of total phosphorous in Matheson Creek at Craig's Swamp was measured in April, 2000 to be less than the laboratory detection limit of 0.01 mg/L. Therefore, an increase in phosphorous concentration of 0.02 mg/L would satisfy PWQO Policy. Using a stream flow of 150 US (approximate springtime flow of Matheson Creek at Highway 400), and an allowable surface water phosphorous concentration of 0.02 mg/L, the equivalent daily allowable loading of phosphorous would be 259,200 mg/d. Assuming a source phosphorus concentration of 15 mg/L and a daily flow of 1,000 L per dwelling, daily phosphorus loading per dwelling is 15,000 mg/d. The number of units that could be supported with a treatment facility capable getting effluent phosphorous to 2 mg/L, and a receiving stream flow of 150 L/s, would support approximately 130 single family residential units. A biological membrane plant with 98% removal to discharge a maximum of 0.3 mg/L phosphorous results in 864 residential units served. The capacity of Matheson Creek, or Craig's Swamp, to receive sewage is limited by the application of PWQO Policy I with respect to phosphorous. The above calculated allowable surface water concentration and resulting phosphorous loading, and resultant number of residential units was based on an approximate stream flow. Lower flow in the stream may require lower phosphorous discharge limits, either through a reduced number of units or a sewage treatment process with demonstrated phosphorus removal to below 0.3 mg/L. The Assimilative Capacity Study (2006) identified the Matheson Creek, and consequently the Willow Creek subwatershed as unimpaired and also the water currently meets PWQO. Therefore, any new effluent discharge would be restricted to maintain the unimpaired level of water quality within the receiving watercourse. 5.5.5 Alternative No. 5 - Surface disposal using advanced wastewater treatment Action Required. • Installation of sanitary sewer system • Construction and installation of a new communal sewage treatment plant. Advantages • Potentially adequate treatment for surface disposal Disadvantages • High capital cost and operational and maintenance cost This alternative would require construction of a sanitary sewer system and membrane bioreactors based advanced sewage treatment plant for surface disposal of treated effluent. The applicability of this option would be guided by the impact of treated effluent on phosphorus concentration in receiving watercourse, and the provincial water quality objective of a maximum phosphorus concentration of 0.02 mg/L in surfacewater. VM Township of Oro-Medonte 56 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Assuming a source concentration of 15 mg/L (P) and a daily flow of 1,000 L per dwelling, or a daily loading of 15,000 mg/d (P) per dwelling, the number of residential units that could be supported with a typical biological membrane plant is 864. The plant would be required to provide 98% phosphorus removal and a maximum effluent P concentration of 0.3 mg/L, The capacity of Matheson Creek, or Craig's Swamp, to receive sewage is limited by the application of PWQO Policy I with respect to total phosphorous. The Assimilative Capacity Study (2006) identified the Matheson Creek, and consequently the Willow Creek subwatershed as unimpaired, and the water also meets PWQO. Therefore, any discharge from a treatment plant would have to be limited to maintain these criteria within the creek and subwatershed. 5.6 Stormwater Management 5.6.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Action Required. • None Advantages • No additional measures required. Disadvantages • Does not address the problem statement. The Do Nothing alternative is not viable since implementation of the secondary development plan is contingent upon adequate stormwater management. 5.6.2 Alternative No. 2 - Follow best management practice Action Required. • Take all possible measures to minimize run off and provide infiltration swales, ditches and perforated storm pipes. Advantages • Effective management of stormwater post secondary development ensuring increased infiltration, reduced post-development peak flow and erosion, and enhanced water quality. • Lower capital cost than storm water management facilities Disadvantages • Inadequate storage of stormwater leading to potentially insufficient recharge of groundwater. Best management practice for stormwater management involves taking measures that increase infiltration, reduce post-development peak flow and erosion, and enhance water quality. Given below is a brief description of the measures to be taken for best management of stormwater. 5.6.2.1 Source and Conveyance Controls • Promotion of Infiltration measures to achieve sufficient pre-treatment of stormwater runoff. For example, roof leaders should discharge to pervious grassed areas or UH Township of Oro-Medonte 57 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report soak away pits. No direct connection of roof leaders to the storm sewer system shall be permitted. • Provision of grassed swales in place of curb and gutter along road within depressions. • Reduced lot grading to minimize runoff and allow stormwater ponding for natural infiltration. • Sump pumping of foundation drains to rear yard ponding areas. • Utilization of vegetated buffer strips where practical especially alongside roadways in the vicinity of stream crossings to protect the watercourse. • Storm sewers where required off paved roadways should be geotextile wrapped perforated pipe with granular backfill. • Minimization of use of curb, gutter and storm sewer to encourage infiltration of stormwater as per Best Management Practices. • Provision of wet extended detention ponds with infiltration basins for frequent runoff events (i.e. <5 yr storm). • Provision of detention storage ponds for infrequent rainfall events (2 - 100 years storm pre/post control). 5.6.2.2 Post Development Stormwater Management Post development peak flows for the Planning Area should be controlled to the pre- development levels or less for all storms up to and including the 100 year rainfall event. SWMHYMO, a computer stormwater management hydrologic model, was utilized to compute the peak runoff flows for the six existing drainage basin areas. Table 5.2 provides a summary of the 2, 5, 25, and 100 year SCS 24 hour design storm and Regional Storm (Timmins Storm) event peak flows. Post development peak flows are to be modeled in detail at the functional servicing plan stages, or when the development density is clearly identified. Table 5.2 Pre-Development Peak Flows (m /s) Storm Event Basin 1 Basin 2 Basin 3 Basin 4 Basin 5 Basin 6 2 yr. SCS 0.04 0.03 0.77 0.67 0.03 0.03 5 yr. SCS 0.34 0.26 1.19 1.05 0.24 0.16 25 yr. SCS 1.45 1.06 1.68 1.44 0.92 0.63 100 yr. SCS 2.95 2.15 2.26 1.92 1.86 1.30 Timmins 9.60 7.25 2.96 2.63 9.21 6.63 5.6.2.3 Erosion and sediment control during construction 1 Township of Oro-Medonte 58 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report In order to prevent the migration of silt downstream, it is important that sediment and erosion control strategy plans be prepared prior to constructions. The following are some of sediment and erosion measures which should be considered for implementation: • Provide detailed construction work plan and staging schedule • Install site access pad • Construct rock check dams • Divert runoff from exposed areas • Construct silt fencing • Stabilize exposed areas with topsoil and seed immediately after construction • Regularly inspect erosion and sediment control and restore works where required • Based on NVCA Technical Standards for Stormwater Management, during the grading and construction phases, temporary stormwater sediment ponds or traps must be constructed, maintained and operated throughout the construction period. Temporary stormwater sediment ponds should be sized to detain the runoff from a 25 year 6 hour duration rainfall event by using average intensity, with a permanent pool of 0.6 meter in depth. All other temporary sediment control techniques should be designed to withstand the runoff from a 25 year 6 hour duration rainfall event by using peak intensity. 5.6.3 Alternative No. 3 - Provide stormwater management facilities Action Required. • Provide stormwater management facilities including - stormwater management ponds, curbs, gutters, sewers, manholes catch basins etc. Advantages • Sufficient storage for effective infiltration of stormwater and recharge of groundwater. • Higher level of reliability against peak rainfall and storm events. Disadvantages • Higher capital costs in comparison to best management practice option Each pond shall provide "enhanced" or Level 1 quality protection per Table 3.2 of the "Stormwater Management Planning and Design Manual" (MOE, 2003). Permanent pool storage volumes are to be based on impervious ratio and drainage area. Table 5.3 summarizes the storage volumes for each drainage basin pond. The volumes are preliminary, actual volumes should be obtained through detailed hydrologic model undertaken at the functional servicing plan, or detailed design stages. Township of Oro-Medonte 59 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report Table 5.3 Stormwater Pond/Basin Storage Volumes Pre-Development Peak Flows (m3/s) Active Total Development Drainage o Permanent Storage t~~ Volume Area Area Percent /o Runoff Pool (ms) P d/B i h Impervious Coefficient 3 on as n ( a) m /h 3 3 3 a n~ m m A 9.54 60 0.6 162 1545 5500 7045 B 15.84 45 0.4 125 1980 6100 8080 C 24.71 45 0.4 125 3090 9500 12590 F 25.00 45 0.4 125 3125 9700 12825 G 42.92 45 0.4 125 5365 16600 21965 H 3.18 45 0.4 27.5 90 1200 1290 4. Active storage volumes are calculated based on Orillia OF SCS 100 year storm event having a 24 hour rainfall volume of 120.68 mm, and that the volume of runoff retained in active storage is 80% of total 100 year storm rainfall. The active storages shall include extended detention storage for erosion control, and quantity control storage for each design storm (2 to 100 year). An infiltration basin or dry pond shall serve the drainage area "H", because the area shall be too small to sustain a wet pond. NVCA "Wet Pond Criteria Check" indicates that a minimum drainage area of five hectares is required for a wet pond. The two existing ponds should continue to serve the drainage area "D". There shall be no new development in area "E"; consequently, no new pond shall be required. On-site controls are being used for the existing development in this area. Another option for area "A" and "B" is that combining Pond A and Pond B together to make a bigger pond in area "A". In this case, the existing culvert shall be upgraded to meet the new capacity. The preferred location of stormwater management ponds, and corresponding catchment areas, within the Secondary Planning Area are shown on Drawing 3.3. Pond sites were selected based on the following criteria: • Locations that would facilitate inter-basin drainage where feasible. • Upstream of existing drainage culverts crossing Hwy 93 and the CPR thus avoiding expensive culvert enlargements. `J1 Township of Oro-Medonte 60 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report • At the most downstream location within the Secondary Plan Area. • Locations that also capture drainage from existing lots in addition to new development. 5.6.3.1 SWMF design criteria Based on NVCA "Wet Pond Criteria Check", stormwater management pond design standards would include the following: Sediment Forebay: - Minimum length to width ratio of 2:1 if single inlet - Minimum depth of 1.0 meter - Minimum area of 1/3 total pond surface area Wet Pond. - Minimum length to width ratio of 3:1, 4:1 to 5:1 preferred - Maximum side slope of 3:1 Permanent Pool: - Average depth of 1 to 2 meters - Maximum depth of less than 3 meters - Maximum grade of 5:1, 7:1 preferred Storage Depth: - <1.5 m for quality/erosion control, 5 1.0 m preferred - <2.0 meters for active storage Major Flow Outlet: - Regulatory Storm (Timmins Storm) capacity - Erosion protection for all design storms - 0.3 meter minimum freeboard Maintenance access Apart form the above, a 30 meters setback from centerline of the watercourse should be maintained. 5.7 Transportation 5.7.1 Alternative No. 1 - Do Nothing Action Required. • None Advantages • No additional construction or installation required. Disadvantages • Does not address the future post secondary development traffic growth. The Do Nothing alternative is not viable since it does not address the traffic growth caused by implementation of the secondary development plan. Township of Oro-Medonte 61 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 5.7.2 Alternative No. 2 - Upgrade the road network to suit the requirement of secondary plan Action Required. • Upgrade of arterial and collector roads network Advantages • Accommodates the post secondary development future growth. Disadvantages • High capital costs involved in construction/widening of roads upgrades of related infrastructure. Upgrades to the existing the road network system would involve implementing recommendations of the Craighurst Secondary Plan Traffic Study, included as Appendix B. 5.8 Potential Mitigative Measures i) Disruption to Trees and Vegetation If a new location for a pumping station is required during the detailed design stage of the project either a site with limited tree cover or the location of structures to minimize the impact on existing trees would be used. New watermains or transmission watermains would be run within existing road right-of-ways which generally have few trees. If significant trees are encountered then directional drilling could be used to avoid cutting established root systems. ii) Visibility of Pumping Station Construction of a new pumping station and reservoir, either on the existing site or in a new location, would take into account neighbouring architecture. Architectural and landscaping details can be used to minimize the ocular impact of above grade structures. Location and construction of a facility will also take into account natural vegetative and topographical features to minimize visibility iii) Noise and Dust All construction activities will temporarily generate noise and dust. The effect of dust can be minimized during construction by spreading calcium chloride and water on exposed dry granular bases. Construction activities would generally be limited to normal weekday working hours minimizing the impact of noise on residents. iv) Disruption of Utilities All stakes-outs are to be arranged and hand digging techniques are to be employed when constructing services over or under existing utilities to minimize the potential disruption of utilities during construction. Construction may require utility relocations. T1H Township of Oro-Medonte 62 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Results of Public Consultation 6.3 Major Areas of Concern 6.3.1 Costs of Services 6.3.2 Environmental Concerns 6.3.3 Location of the Water and Sewage Treatment Facilities 0 Township of Oro-Medonte 63 Craighurst Secondary Development Plan Environmental Study Report 7. SELECTION OF PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE The selection of a preferred alternative for Phase II of the Class EA is based on the evaluation of the alternatives from criteria established for this document. The criteria for evaluating each alternative are presented in Tables 5.4 to 5.8. The evaluation criteria are ranked based on their relative importance, and scored according to the individual effect to determine the net effect of each criteria. The total environmental effect is the sum of the net effects for each alternative. 7.1 Water Supply Alternative 3 - Install additional wells in the lower sand and gravel aquifer, was selected as a preferred alternative. 7.2 Sewage Disposal Alternative 4 - Subsurface disposal using conventional wastewater treatment, was selected as a preferred alternative: 7.3 Stormwater Management Alternative 2 - Follow best management practice, was selected as a preferred alternative. However, Alternative 3 may be required depending on specific design of the development, suitability of terrain and soils, protection of downstream properties, and requirements of the NVCA. 7.4 Transportation Alternative 2 - Upgrade the road network to suit the requirement of secondary plan, was selected as a preferred alternative. The above alternatives were selected as the preferred alternatives for the following reasons: • All of them addressed their respective problem statements; • Had highest scores for impacts on the physical and social effects; and • Had overall lowest economic impact. 8. ALTERNATE DESIGN CONCEPTS FOR THE PREFERRED SOLUTION 9. SELECTED DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS 10. SUMMARY D. Timms, P. Eng. Branch Manager K:\0030637\Craighurst SP-ESR April 07.doc R. Groves, Senior Project Manager APPENDIX A MUNICIPAL CLASS EA FLOWCHART APPENDIX B Traffic Study L c7rv LOT 4-'< I i L.J / 4+ rr^ ~ ~ i - - , ~ :fJN i GDr~1 I W: r`, t f 4.t7 r r,. GRAIGHURST Craighurst i Secondary f7. r Plan Secondary / Plan Area rSj~~ ~ 1111 .7 4 70- ) T- `-SECON it 100 :AO lalere f -Lip ~ LEGEND u :r:,, x. :inr DARY'PLAN STUDY AREA JJ f I PROtEGSED -1 WCAXV_AND I EAT "t /r i 6.ay - -1 _ Date Sept 2M Drawn: E. 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J _ _ C ~C - ~ r ~ 1 , J • • ♦ ~v ' J f \ I ~-a ! ` Y 4. _ ~ i a _ 'k. ~j a +~yV % r All 1• Table 5.4 WATER SUPPLY -2 = Negative Impact +2 = Positive Impact EVALUATION 1 = Moderate Negative Impact +1 = Moderate Positive Impact CRITERIA 0 = No Effect EVALUATION ALTERNATIVE 1 ALTERNATIVE 2 ALTERNATIVE 3 ALTERNATIVE 4 IMPACT DRAW MORE WATER FROM THE IMPACT ADDITIONAL WELLS IN THE LOWER IMPACT ADDITIONAL WELLS IN THE UPPER IMPACT CRITERIA DO NOTHING EXISTING WELLS SAND AND GRAVEL AQUIFER SAND AND GRAVEL AQUIFER Natural Environment Groundwater No Effect Additional groundwater usage Additional groundwater usage May lower shallow water table in some areas 0 -1 -2 Soils & Geology No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect 0 0 0 0 Surface Drainage No Effect No Effect No Effect May dry existing wet areas 0 0 0 -1 Terrestrial Vegetation and No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect Wildlife 0 0 0 0 Social Change in quality of life No Effect Only minor additional development possible Will provide future capacity for development Insufficient long term supply for ultimate 0 1 2 development -1 Visual aesthetics No Effect No Effect Minor visual effect Elevated central storage tank 0 0 0 0 Water Supply No Effect Increase in water supply but insufficient for Sufficient for development Insufficient long term supply for ultimate 0 development -1 2 development -1 Odor No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect 0 0 0 0 Residential disruption N/A No Effect Temporary disruption Temporary disruption during construction 0 0 -1 -1 Economic Capital costs No Effect Small capital cost Highest capital cost because of deeper High capital cost because of drilling 0 0 drilling -1 -1 Operating/maintenance No Effect Minor operational cost increase Operating and maintaining additional wells Operating and maintaining additional wells costs 0 0 _1 plus monitoring for contamination due to -2 shallow aquifer Ease of servicing No additional development Supply of water is fixed, based on permit to Development servicing possible Development serving possible but insufficient development -2 take water -1 2 for ultimate development 1 Property values Undeveloped land value decreases Minor property value increase Increase in value because of development 2 Some property not developable because of 1 -1 1 potential limited water supply Technical Complexity of Operation No Effect No additional construction and equipment Minor increase in operation complexity due to Minor increase in operation complexity due to 0 required 0 additional wells -1 additional wells -1 Expansion Capabilities No development possible Potential for expansion of supply Potential for expansion of supply Potential for expansion of supply but not for all -2 -2 2 development 1 Effects on other utilities, No Effect No Effect Minor effect for installation of watermains Minor effect for installation of watermains ex. Relocations 0 0 -1 -1 TOTAL 5 3 4 -8 Table 5.5 WATER STORAGE EVALUATION -2 = Negative Impact +2 = Positive Impact 0 = No Effect 1 = Moderate Negative Impact +1 = Moderate Positive Impact CRITERIA ALTERNATIVE 2 ALTERNATIVE 3 ALTERNATIVE 4 ALTERNATIVE 3 EVALUATION ALTERNATIVE 1 PROVIDE CENTRAL UNDERGROUND PROVIDE CENTRAL ABOVE PROVIDE CENTRAL ELEVATED CRITERIA DO NOTHING IMPACT PROVIDE LOCAL UNDERGROUND IMPACT STORAGE FOR THE NEW IMPACT GROUND STORAGE FOR THE NEW IMPACT STORAGE FOR THE NEW IMPACT STORAGE AT ALL NEW SITES DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT Natural Environment Groundwater No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect 0 0 0 0 0 Soils & Geology No Effect Minor disruption Minor disruption Minor disruption Minor disruption 0 -1 -1 0 -1 Surface Drainage No Effect Minor disruption Minor disruption Minor disruption Minor disruption 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 Terrestrial Vegetation and No Effect Disruption at all sites Minor disruption Minor disruption Minor disruption Wildlife 0 -2 -1 -1 -1 Social Change in quality of life No Effect Will provide fire flow Will provide fire flow Will provide fire flow Will provide fire flow 0 2 2 2 2 Visual aesthetics No Effect Limited to clearing of trees Limited to clearing of trees at one location Visible The most visible option 0 1 0 1 2 Water Supply No Effect More reliable water supply because of Reliable water supply because of storage Reliable water supply because of storage Most reliable water supply because of 0 multiple storage locations 1 1 1 elevated storage 2 Odor No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect 0 0 0 0 0 Residential disruption No Effect Construction at multiple locations Construction at one location Construction at one location Construction at one location during construction 0 -2 -i 1 1 Capital costs No Effect High cost because of multiple sites Lower capital cost than construction of multiple Lower capital cost than construction of Highest capital cost 0 -2 storage tanks -1 multiple storage tanks. Lowest cost for -1 -2 upgrading Operating/maintenance No Effect Requirement of booster pump facilities at Localized facility Localized facility Lowest operating cost amongst option 2 costs 0 multiple locations 2 1 1 Ease of servicing No Effect Supply of water is fixed, based on permit to 1 1 No booster pumping is required 1 development 0 take water -1 - Property values Decrease because no Lower than other options because of Increase because of low visual impact Property values may decrease adjacent to Property values may decrease adjacent development possible -2 multiple locations -1 2 storage -1 to storage -2 Table 5.6 SEWAGE COLLECTION -2 = Negative Impact +2 = Positive Impact 0 = No Effect EVALUATION CRITERIA -1 = Moderate Negative Impact +1 = Moderate Positive Impact ALTERNATIVE 2 EVALUATION CRITERIA ALTERNATIVE 1 IMPACT CONVENTIONAL GRAVITY IMPACT ALTERNATIVE 3 IMPACT ALTERNATIVE 4 IMPACT DO NOTHING SEWERS SMALL ORE SEWERS PRESSURE SEWERS Natural Environment Groundwater Possible shallow groundwater Could cause movement of shallow Limited impact on groundwater and Limited impact on groundwater and contamination due to septics -1 groundwater through bedding -2 groundwater movement -1 groundwater movement -1 Soils $ Geology No Effect Mixing of soils Mixing of soils Mixing of soils O 1 1 1 Surface Drainage No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect 0 O O g Terrestrial Vegetation and No Effect Minor clearing required for installation Minor clearing required for installation in Minor clearing required for installation Wildlife in easements "1 easements -1 in easements "1 Social Change in quality of life No Effect No need to deal with private disposal No need to deal with private disposal No need to deal with private disposal O 2 2 2 Visual aesthetics No Effect No Effect No Effect No Effect O Q 0 O Odour Existing septic systems can produce Removes potential odour from septic Septic tanks can produce odours Removes potential odour from septic odour "1 systems 1 -1 systems 1 Residential disruption during No Effect Temporary disruption Temporary disruption Temporary disruption plus installation construction 0 -1 -1 in house "2 Economic Capital costs No Effect Moderate cost for excavation and High cost due to individual septic tanks High cost due to multiple pumps 0 connection -1 plus sewers -2 -2 Operating/maintenance costs No Effect Low maintenance and operating costs High cost due to individual septic tanks High cost due to multiple pumps 0 2 -1 -2 Ease of servicing development No Effect Moderate due to need for continuous Moderate due to need for continuous Changing grades a minor problem, downgrade, pumping stations may be downgrade, pumping stations may be sizing of pipes significant to maintain 0 required -1 required -1 minimum velocity prior to full -1 development Property values No Effect Increase, conventional system Less desirable because not 1 Less desirable because not 1 0 2 conventional system conventional system Technical Complexity of Operation No Effect Simplest operation Requires maintenance Most complex operation 0 2 1 2 Expansion Capabilities No development possible Straight forward, depending on grades Requires acceptable grading plus Simple but requires installation of -2 1 installation of septic tanks "1 pumps "1 Effects on other utilities, ex. No Effect Requires coordination Requires coordination for sewers plus Requires coordination Relocations 0 -1 septic tanks -2 -1 TOTAL -4 2 -10 -10 Table 5.7 SEWAGE TREATMENT EVALUATION -2 = Negative Impact +2 = Positive Impact 0 = No Effect CRITERIA -1 = Moderate Negative Impact +1 = Moderate Positive Impact ALTERNATIVE 4 ALTERNATIVE 5 ALTERNATIVE 1 ALTERNATIVE 2 ALTERNATIVE 3 EVALUATION CRITERIA DO NOTHING IMPACT INDIVIDUAL SEPTIC IMPACT COMMUNAL SEPTIC DISPOSAL IMPACT SUBSURFACE DISPOSAL WITH IMPACT SURFACE DISPOSAL WITH IMPACT COMMUNAL TREATMENT COMMUNAL TREATMENT Natural Environment Groundwater Existing septics can contaminate Increased nitrogen, greater potential for Potential for increased nitrogen or Minor potential of groundwater impact, Does not promote groundwater shallow groundwater -2 contamination -2 contaminants in groundwater -1 maintains groundwater recharge 1 recharge -1 Soils & Geology No Effect Disruption from excavation Localized disruption for construction of Localized disruption for construction of disposal No Effect 0 -1 disposal beds -1 -i 0 Surface Drainage No Effect Potential effects if raised beds required Potential minor effect if raised beds No Effect, disposal beds can be remotely No Effect 0 -2 required -1 located 0 0 Terrestrial Vegetation and No Effect Minor due to land area requirements Large land area requirements Minor impact due to potential of distributed Potential impact due to surface water Wildlife 0 -1 -2 disposal beds 1 volume or quality changes -1 Social Change in quality of life Negative because of future failure of Negative because of future failure of Municipally run high quality system Municipally run high quality system existing septic systems -1 septic systems -1 0 2 1 Visual aesthetics No Effect Some pumping stations are external 0 -1 0 0 0 Odour Potential of odour from existing septics Potential odours Potential odours Odours controlled within a facility Minor potential of odour due to -1 -1 -1 1 surface disposal 0 Residential disruption during N/A Significant because one system per Construction centralized temporary Construction centralized temporary disruption, Construction centralized temporary construction 0 residence -2 disruption -1 disposal beds installed at time of development -1 disruption -1 Economic Capital costs No Effect High cost because of individual Moderate costs but life expectancy less Moderate costs with long life expectancy Highest capital costs because of 0 construction requirements -2 than other communal solutions -2 -1 need for high level treatment -2 Operating/maintenance costs No Effect Minor operating costs, pump out every Higher life cycle replacement costs Moderate operating costs High operational and maintenance 0 few years 1 because of lower life expectancy than -2 -1 cost for enhanced treatment -2 conventional systems Ease of servicing Does not allow secondary Limited development potential because Limited development potential because Development potential limited by soil infiltration Development potential limited by development development to be implemented -2 of nitrate loading -2 of limited nitrate treatment -1 capacity 1 downstream effects/assimilation 1 Property values No Effect Negative because of future failure of Neutral Positive value increase, municipal system Positive, but potential resistance due 0 septic systems -1 0 2 to perceived surface water disposal 1 Technical Complexity of Operation No Effect Requirement of periodic pump out by Low complexity of operation Moderate complexity, municipal treatment plant High complexity due to requirement 0 homeowner -1 1 -1 of enhanced treatment -2 Expansion Capabilities None, does not support development Limited development potential because Limited development potential because Development potential limited by soil infiltration Development potential limited by -2 of land requirements -1 of land requirements -1 capacity 1 downstream effects/assimilation 2 Effects on other utilities, ex. No Effect No Effect Limited due to centralized facility Limited due to centralized facility, disposal Limited due to centralized facility Relocations 0 0 -1 beds require coordination with utilities -2 -1 TOTAL -S -17 -13 2 5 Table 5.8 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT -2 = Negative Impact +2 = Positive Impact 0 = No Effect EVALUATION CRITERIA -1 = Moderate Negative Impact +1 = Moderate Positive Impact ALTERNATIVE 1 ALTERNATIVE 2 ALTERNATIVE 3 EVALUATION CRITERIA DO NOTHING IMPACT FOLLOW BEST MANAGEMENT IMPACT PROVIDE STORMWATER IMPACT PRACTICE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES Natural Environment Groundwater No Effect Greatest potential for groundwater Reduced infiltration of groundwater 0 recharge 2 1 Soils & Geology Does not address potential existing Low impact, addresses existing erosion Moderate impact, can create local erosion problems -1 problems 2 -1 Surface Drainage No Effect Approach helps to maintains existing Concentrates surface drainage 0 drainage patterns -1 -2 Terrestrial Vegetation and No Effect Mitigates effects of disruption/changes Concentrated flow and large facility can Wildlife 0 to area -1 disrupt existing vegetation and wildlife, but -2 potential for creating habitat Social Change in quality of life None Positive change, maintains natural Can create centralized park area 0 features 1 1 Visual aesthetics N/A Blends into existing features Can create centralized park area or be 0 1 unpleasing if poorly implemented 0 Odour None 0 Low potential for odour 0 Moderate potential for odour -1 Residential disruption during N/A Temporary disruption Temporary disruption construction 0 1 1 Economic Capital costs None Moderate costs Moderate cost, but could increase due to 0 , -1 requirements for collection -1 Operating/maintenance costs None Very little maintenance requirements. Very little maintenance requirements. 0 -1 Maintenance easier due to centralized 2 Ease of servicing development Does not allow development to be Complex due to numerous requirements Ease due to connection nature of a implemented -2 -2 centralized facility 2 Property values No Effect Moderate increase due to lower risk of 1 Increase due to low risk of flooding 2 0 flooding Technical Complexity of Operation No Effect 0 Low maintenance requirements 1 Requires maintenance, periodic cleanout -2 Expansion Capabilities No Effect Some potential for expansion, limited by Limited to available property 1 property and topography -1 2 Effects on other utilities, ex. No Effect Minor effects Effect due to conveyance to centralized Relocations 0 -1 facility -2 TOTAL -4 -3 -6 SIMCOE COUNTY BRANCH ONTARIO GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY http://www.simcoebogs.com/Publications/pu_cemetery.htm Cemetery (Transcription date) PAGES PRICE St George's Fairvalley (1999) 74 $28.60 Coldwater (1985) 60 $18.30 Mount St Louis RC (1974) 6 $1.20 Brotherston (2 stones) 4 $1.00 Moon Cemetery (1988) 6 $1.00 George Wilson (1988) 4 $1.00 ICemetery (Transcription date) PAGES PRICE Bethesda Congregational (2006) * 14 $2.00 Esson Presbyterian (2006) with photos * 20 $5.00 Oro Station United (2006) * 20 $9.95 Knox Presbyterian (2006) * 48 $16.25 Leigh's Corners (2006) * 10 $2.00 Guthrie United Church (2006) * 24 $7.50 Rugby Congregational (2006) * 8 $1.50 St. Mark's Anglican East Oro (2006) * 19 $4.75 Edgar Old Methodist United (2006) * 13 $3.50 West Oro Baptist (2006) * 9 „ry St. John's Anglican Craighurst (2006) * 20 $9.85 St. Thomas Anglican Shanty Bay (2006) * 22 $10.00 - all available on a single CD) - click here $14.95 Unknown Burials Hodges Landing 5 $1.00 Cameron Family Cemetery (1974) 6 $1.00 Johnson Family Cemetery 4 $1.00 F tist Cemetery (single stone) 5 $1.00 can Episcopal (2000) 5 $1.00